Disorders of Na+ and H2O Balance

Question 1

there are two reasons that the concentration of sodium drops, what are they?

Answer 1

either there is too little sodium in the ECF or there is too much water

Question 2

the excessive loss of sodium is often related to what?

Answer 2

renal problems

Question 3

kidneys preserve sodium through the use of what?

Answer 3

aldosterone

Question 4

failure to preserve sodium in the kidneys may indicate what?

Answer 4

renal impairment or adrenal insufficiency or from diuretic use

Question 5

when a pt is dehydrated should they drink water or a solution with electrolytes?

Answer 5

solution with electrolytes

Question 6

how can blood sodium be diluted?

Answer 6

when too much fluid moves to or stays in the vascular space

Question 7

when water is retained, what is at fault?

Answer 7

the kidneys

Question 8

what is Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)?

Answer 8

sometimes the high ADH levels are through inappropriate secretion - mixed up messages in the body

Question 9

what medication class can cause water retention?

Answer 9

antipsychotic meds

Question 10

what happens where there is too LITTLE ECF sodium?

Answer 10

• not enough intake
• too much sodium loss

Question 11

what happens where there is too MUCH ECF sodium?

Answer 11

• osmotic pull
• water retention