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RT 211 > The Thorax: Bones and Joints > Flashcards

The Thorax: Bones and Joints Flashcards

1
Q

upper part of the trunk, is a cage composed of bones and cartilages, which affords protection for several very vital organs; the heart with its trunk vessels and the respiratory organs.

A

The Thorax

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2
Q

The skeleton of the thorax includes
(TV, S, R, C)

A

Thoracic vertebra
Sternum — breast bones
Ribs or costae — 12 pairs
Costa cartilages — 12 pairs

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3
Q

Joints of the Thorax

between a rib and the body of a vertebra

A

Costovertebral

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4
Q

Joints of the Thorax

between a rib and a transverse process of a vertebra

A

Costotransverse

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5
Q

Joints of the Thorax

between a rib cartilage and the sternum

A

Sternocostal or costosternal

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6
Q

Joints of the Thorax

between a rib and its costal cartilage

A

Costochondral

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7
Q

Joints of the Thorax

between the adjacent anterior margins of costal cartilage of 6th to 10th ribs.

A

Interchondral

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8
Q

Joints of the Thorax

between the sternum and the clavicle

A

Sternoclavicular

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9
Q

Joints of the Thorax

between the manubrium and the body of the sternum

A

Manubriosternal

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10
Q

Joints of the Thorax

between the body of the sternum and its xiphoid process

A

Xiphisternal

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11
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

flat bone

A

Sternum

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12
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Jugular notch (suprasternal notch)
Clavicular notches
Costal notches — complete and half

A

Manubrium

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13
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Costal notches — 4 and half notches

A

Body or gladiolus

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14
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

one-half notch

A

Xiphoid process

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15
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Dorsal extremity or vertebral extremity (end)
Body or shaft with an angle
Ventral extremity or sternal extremity

A

Ribs pairs - 12 pairs

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16
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

is a long bone that lies vertically in the midline of the anterior chest wall.

A

The Sternum

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17
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

What are the 3 parts of the Sternum

A
  • Manubrium
    - Clavicular Notches
  • The body or gladiolus
    - Sternal angle
  • Xiphoid process
    - Costal notches
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18
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

the upper part and represents the handle of the sword.

A

Manubrium

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19
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

depression on the upper surface of the manubrium.

A

Clavicular notches

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20
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

extends from the manubrium to the xiphoid process and is the largest part of the sternum.

A

The body or gladiolus

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21
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

is marked by a prominent transverse ridge at the junction of the manubrium and the body of sternum

A

Sternal angle (angle of Louis or Ludwig)

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22
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

inferior part of the sternum bone

A

Xiphoid process

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23
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

are niches on the lateral margins of the sternum

A

Costal notches

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24
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

long, curved, flat bones that form the posterior wall, lateral walls and part of the anterior wall of the thorax.

A

Ribs

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25
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Parts of the Ribs

A

Dorsal extremity
The body
The ventral or sternal extremity

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26
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Parts of the Dorsal extremity of the Ribs

A

Head
Neck
Tubercle

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27
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

slightly expanded posterior end

Dorsal Extremity

A

Head

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28
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

slightly constricted part connecting the head to the body

Dorsal Extremity

A

Neck

29
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

small prominence on the dorsal surface at the junction of the neck and body

Dorsal Extremity

A

Tubercle

30
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

long flat, curved part that extends from the neck around the chest wall. At its lower margin there is a groove- the costal groove — for an intercostal artery, vein and nerve.

Ribs

A

The body

31
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

a prominence in front of the neck where the rib becomes bent anteriorly.

Ribs

A

Angle of a rib

32
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

a prominence in front of the neck where the rib becomes bent anteriorly.

Ribs

A

Angle of a rib

33
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

anterior end that articulates with its costal cartilage.

Ribs

A

The ventral or sternal extremity

34
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

has 2 grooves running transversely on its upper anterior surface for the subclavian artery and vein.

The ventral or sternal extremity

A

The first rib

35
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

have a single articular surface on the head, not two

The ventral or sternal extremity

A

The 1st, 10th, 11th and 12th ribs

36
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

have no tubercles

The ventral or sternal extremity

A

The 11th and 12th ribs

37
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

12 pairs

A

Costal cartilages

38
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

articulating with the sternum separately

Costal cartilages

A

Seven upper ribs

39
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

join the cartilage of rib above

Costal cartilages

A

8th, 9th, and 10th

40
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

have free anterior ends are so floating

Costal cartilages

A

11th and 12th

41
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

How many pairs does the True and False ribs have

A

True ribs - upper seven pairs
False ribs - lower five pairs

42
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

How many pairs does the True and False ribs have

A

True ribs - upper seven pairs
False ribs - lower five pairs

43
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

Alternate classifications

A

Vertebrosternal
Vertebrochondral
Vertebral ribs

44
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

upper seven pairs

Alternate classifications

A

Verterbrosternal

45
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

8th, 9th, and 10th pairs

Alternate classifications

A

Vertebrochondral

46
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

11th and 12th pairs

Alternate Classifications

A

Vertebral ribs

47
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

flat plates of cartilages similar in shape to the adjacent rib.

A

Costal Cartilages

48
Q

Parts and Prominences of the Thorax

curved formed by the anterior margins of the 8”, 9” and costal cartilages on each side and the rounded tip of the xiphoid process.

Costal Cartilages

A

Costal arch

49
Q

Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax

What are the structures forming the joints of the Thorax (9)

A
  • Intervertebral and Interarticular joints
  • Costovertebral joints
  • Costotransverse joints
  • Costochondral joints
  • Sternocostal or costosternal joints
  • Interchondral joints
  • Sternoclavicular joints
  • Manubriosternal joints
  • Xiphesternal or xiphosternal joints
50
Q

Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax

Joints of head of ribs and vertebral bodies

A

Costovertebral Joints

51
Q

Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax

What type of joint is the Costovertebral joint

A

Synovial joint

52
Q

Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax

The movements of the ribs increase the anteroposterior and lateral diameters of chest at inspiration, while the descent of the diaphragm increases the vertical diameter

Except for 11th and 12th rib

A

Costotransverse joints

53
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

located at the anterior, or sternal, end of a rib and the adjacent costal cartilage.

A

Costochondral joints

54
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

Formed by the sternal (anterior) end of a costal cartilage articulating with a costal notch
on the lateral margin of the sternum. (upper 7)

A

Sternocostal or costosternal joints

55
Q

Structures Forming the Joints of the Thorax

What kind of joint is the sternocostal or costosternal joint

A

Synovial - sliding/gliding/planar joint

56
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

Located between adjacent anterior margins of the 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th costal cartilages
and the rib cartilage above each one.

A

Interchondral joints

57
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

Between the sternal end of the clavicle and clavicular notch of the sternum

A

Sternoclavicular joint

58
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

What kind of joint is the Sternoclavicular joint

A

Gliding Joint

59
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

Between the inferior margin of the manubrium and the upper margin of the body of the sternum, at the sternal angle

A

Manubriosternal Joint

60
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

What kind of joint is the Manubriosternal Joint

A

Cartilaginious joint

61
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

located between the inferior end of the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process of the sternum

A

Xiphesternal or xiphosternal joint

62
Q

Structure Forming the Joints of the Thorax

What kind of joint is the Xiphesternal/Xiphosternal joint

A

cartilaginous joint

63
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax

an extra rib may be present on one or both sides above the first rib.

A

Cervical ribs

64
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax

short extra rib that may be present below the 12th rib

A

Lumbar ribs

65
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax

one or more ribs may be absent on one or both sides

A

Absence of ribs

66
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax

the anterior or sternal end of a rib may divide into two parts.

A

Forked ribs

67
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax

the sternum may be depressed so that it lies closer to the thoracic vertebrae than usual.

A

Pectus excavatum

68
Q

Congenital Anomalies of the Bones of the Thorax

promiment sternum may be present

A

Pigeon chest

69
Q

Landmarks — Prominences of the Bones of the Chest

A

Jugular notch
Sternal Angle
Xiphisternal joint
Costal Arch

RT 211 (12 decks)

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