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Anatomy exam 3 > appendicular muscles > Flashcards

appendicular muscles Flashcards

1
Q

originate on the axial skeleton and insert on the clavicle and scapula

A

muscles of the pectoral girdle

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2
Q

Pectoralis Minor
Location
Action

A

Location - anterior thoracic muscle, deep to pectoralis major

Action - protract and depress scapula

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3
Q

Serratus Anterior
Location
Action

A

Location -lateral surface of upper ribs, under axillary region

Action - protracts and depress the scapula. Stabilizes the scapula to body. Superiorly rotates the scapula

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4
Q

Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor
Location
Action

A

Location - deep to the trapezius

Action - retract (adduct), elevate and inferiorly rotate scapula

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5
Q

Trapezius
Location
Origin
insertion
Action

A

Location - diamond shape muscle that extends from the skull and vertebral column to pectoral girdls

Origin - Occipital bone (superior nuchal line) spinous processes of C7-T12

Insertion - clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Action - elevates and adducts the scapula, extends neck

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - Triangular muscle on the inferior part of the back

Origin - Spinous processes of T7-T12, lower ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion - intertubercular groove of humerus

Action - Prime mover of arm extension, draws humerus down and back while rotating medially, adduction “swimmers muscle”

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7
Q

Pectoralis Major
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - Chest - superior portion of thorax

Origin - medial clavicle, costal cartilage of upper ribs and sternum

Insertion - lateral part of interrubercular groove of the humerus

Action - flex, adduct, and internally (medially) rotate the shoulder/arm

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8
Q

Deltoid
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - Shoulder (good site for intramuscular injections)

Origin - acromion end of clavicle, the acromion and the spine of the scaupla

Insertion - deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Action - Anterior fibers - flex and medially rotate arm
Middle fibers - Prime abductor of arm
Posterior fibers - extend and laterally rotate arm

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9
Q

Corocobrachialis
Location
Action

A

Locaiton - axillary region under biceps brachii

Action - flexing and adduction the arm

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10
Q

Teres Major
Location
Action

A

Location - just superior and deep to latissimus dorsi

Action - arm extension, draws humerus down and back (adduction) while rotating it medially (mini latissimus dorsi)

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11
Q

What four muscles make up the rotator cuff

A

supraspinatus, infrapinatus, Teres Minor, subscapularis (SITS muscles)

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12
Q

Supraspinatus
Location
Action

A

Location - Superior to scapular spine

Action - Abducts the arm and depress the head of the humerus

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13
Q

Infraspinatus
Location
Action

A

Location - infraspunous fossa

Action - laterally rotate and stabilizes arm

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14
Q

Infraspinatus/ teres minor
Location
Action

A

Location - Infraspinatus - inferior to scapular spine
Teres Minor - Just superior to the teres major

Action -Adducts and laterally rotates the shoulder joint

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15
Q

subscapularis
Location
Action

A

Location - anterior surface of the scapula

Action - internally (medially) rotate the shoulder/arm

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16
Q

this divides the muscles of the brachium in to an anterior compartment and a posterior compartmetn

A

deep fascia

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17
Q

Biceps Brachii
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - Anterior portion of humerus

Origin - Long head - supraglendoid tubercle of scapula
Short head - coracoid process of scapula

Insertion - radial tuberosity of radius, bicipital aponeurosis

Action - flexes elbow joint, supinator of forearm at elbow joint, long head flexes the shoulder

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18
Q

Triceps brachii
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - Posterior portion of humerus

Origin - Long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head - posterior humerus above radial grove
Medial head - posterior humerus below radial grove

Insertion - olecranon of ulna

Action- extends the elbow joint

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19
Q

are there muscles located within your digits

A

no

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20
Q

the anterior compartment muscles of the forearm are

A

flexors of the wrist and fingers

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21
Q

the posterior compartment muscles of the forearm are

A

extensors of the wrist and fingers

22
Q

flexor retinaculum

A

hold the tendons close and prevents them from bowstringing outward in the wrist. Median nerve passes through here which is the cause of carpal tunnel

23
Q

lateral compartment of thight

A

abductor of the thigh

24
Q

anterior compartment of the thigh

A

extensors of the knee or flexors of the thigh

25
Q

posterior compartment of the thigh

A

flexors of the knee and extensors of the thigh

26
Q

medial compartment of the thigh

A

adductors of the thigh

27
Q

hip flexor muscles and actions

A

Psoas major and illacus (iliopsoas)

Action - flex the hip joint

28
Q

Sartorius muscle
Location
origin
insertion
Action

A

Location - obliquely crosses the anterior aspect of the thigh

Origin - anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion - medial side of tibial tuberosity (pes ansurine)

Action - flexes thigh and laterally rotates thigh. Flexes leg and knee joint and rotates crural region medially (crossing legs)

Action -

29
Q

gracilis
location
action

A

location - medial surface of thigh

Action - adducts hip joint and flexes leg at knee joint

30
Q

tensor fascia latae
Location
origin
insertion
action

A

location - iliotibal tract band (I.T. band)

Origin - iliac crest and lateral surface of the anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion - Iliotibial track (IT band)

Action - abducts thigh at hip join
Medially rotates thigh

31
Q

site of pain with IT band syndrome

A

lateral side of knee (common in runners)

32
Q

Iliotibial tract/band

A

extends down the lateral thigh. inserts on the lateral tibial condyle

33
Q

Gluteus Maximus
Location
Origin
insertion
Action

A

location - Buttocks muscle (good for injections)

Origin - Iliac crest, sacrum and coccyx

Insertion - IT band, linea aspera of femur and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Action - extends the hip joint, laterally rotates hip joint

34
Q

Piriformis muscle

A

deep to gluteus maximus

when tight it can pinch the sciatic nerve (piriformis syndrome)

35
Q

Rectus femoris
Location
origin
insertion
action

A

Location - Middle anterior thigh

Origin - Anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion - quadriceps tendon

Action - extends leg and knee joint

36
Q

Vastus Lateralis
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - aneriolateral surface of thigh

Origin - Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur

Insertion - quadriceps tendon

Action - extends leg and knee joint

37
Q

Vastus Medialis
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - anermedial surface of thight

Origin - intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of femur

Insertion - quadriceps tendon

Action - extends the leg at knee joint

38
Q

Vastus intermedius
Location
origin
insertion
action

A

location - deep to rectus femoris

Origin - anterior and lateral surface of thigh

Insertion - quadriceps tendon

Action - extends the leg at knee joint

39
Q

Bicep Femoris
Location
Origin
insertion
action

A

Location - Posterior lateral surface of the thigh

Origin - Long head - ischial tuberosity
Short heat - Linea aspera of femur

Insertion - Head of fibula

Action - Extends thigh and flexes leg at knee joint. Laterally rotates leg

40
Q

what does the bicep femoris tendon of insertion form

A

lateral margin of the popliteal fossa

41
Q

Semimembranosous
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - deep and medial to semitendinosous

Origin - ischial tuberosity

Insertion - Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

Action - Extends thigh and flexes leg at knee joint. Medially rotates leg

42
Q

Semitendinosus
Location
Origin
Insertion
Action

A

Location - Posterior medial surface of thigh

Origin - ischial tuberosity

Insertion - Pes ansurine (proximal medial surface of the tibia

Action - Extends thigh and flexes leg at knee joint. Medially rotates leg

43
Q

What 3 muscles insert on the Pes Ansurine

A

Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus

44
Q

Tibialis Anterior
Location
Action

A

Location - anterolateral compartment of the leg

Action - dorsiflex the ankle and invert the foot at the ankle

45
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) Longus
Location
Action

A

Location - Superficial lateral, covers fibula

Action - evert and plantarflex the foot at the ankle

46
Q

Gastrocnemius
Location
Origin
insertion
Action

A

Location - calf muscle

Origin - Superior posterior medial and lateral condyles of femur

Insertion - Calcaneus via the Achilles tendon

Action - Plantarflexes foot and flexes knee joint

47
Q

Soleus
Location
Action

A

Location - Deep to gastrocnemius

Action - Plantarflex the foot at the ankle

48
Q

What are the gastrocnemeus and soleus collectively known as

A

Triceps Surae

49
Q

Originate and insert in the foot.

Support the arches and move the toes

A

Intrinsic muscles of the foot

50
Q

Plantar fascia/aponeurosis

A

Plantar surface of foot. Extends between the phalanges of the toes and the calcaneus

Anatomy exam 3 (6 decks)

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