Paramyxoviruses Flashcards
“Para”
Other, next to
“Myxa”
Mucus
What type of genome?
nonsegmented (-)ssRNA
What type of structure?
Helical nucleocapsid with a pleomorphic envelope
Rinderpest morbillivirus
Cattle plague with almost 100% fatality
Eradicated in 2011 by vaccines
Morbilivirus
Italian for “little disease” because big disease was The Plague
Where did measles come from?
Zoonotic transmission from rinderpest virus. Couldn’t have existed until about 5000 years ago because that’s when we had large enough civilizations to feed it
What is the VAP?
Hemagglutinin
What is used for membrane fusion?
A fusion protein (F)
Does measles have Neuraminidase?
No
Nucleoprotein (N)
Coats the RNA genome
Large protein (L)
The RNA dependent RNAP
Phosphoprotein (P)
A cofactor needed for RNAP and to attach the nucleoprotein to the genome
Life cycle
- Attachment - Hemagglutinin binds host SLAM
- Penetration/entry - fusion protein (F) fuses plasma membranes
- Uncoating
- Gene expression - mRNA synthesis using viral RNAP in the cytoplasm (P and L)
- Genome replication - in the cytoplasm (N, P, and L)
- Assembly - at plasma membrane (N, P, and L)
- Release - via budding
How is the lifecycle different from orthomyxoviruses?
Replication occurs in the cytoplasm NOT the nucleus