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PPL - Navigation > Navigation Principles > Flashcards

Navigation Principles Flashcards

1
Q

Every path taken by wind or an aircraft has 2 components, which are

A
  1. SPEED
  2. DIRECTION
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2
Q

Triangle of Velocities

Angle “A” on a drawn out navigation track from point A to B is known as what

A

WIND CORRECTION ANGLE

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3
Q

What is the following definition

TMG

A

TRACK MADE GOOD

Actual track of the aircraft across the ground

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4
Q

What is the following definition (in terms of direction)

RT

A

REQUIRED TRACK

Required path of the aircraft across the ground

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5
Q

What is the following definition (in terms of direction)

H

A

HEADING

Direction the aircraft is heading in

Not necessarilly the direction the aircraft is travelling in

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6
Q

The difference between TMG and RT is known as what

TMG - Track Made Good
RT - Required Track

A

TRACK ERROR

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7
Q

The difference between track across the ground and heading is known as what

RT - Required Track
H - Heading

A

DRIFT

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8
Q

Speed, Distance, Time

If travelling at 60 kts, how much distance will be covered and in how long

A

60nm
1 hour

1nm in 1 minute

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9
Q

What does the following abbreviation stand for

ETD

A

ESTIMATED TIME of DEPARTURE

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10
Q

What does the following abbreviation stand for

ETA

A

ESTIMATED TIME of ARRIVAL

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11
Q

What does the following abbreviation stand for

EET

A

ESTIMATED ELAPSTED TIME

Time taken to get somewhere, measured in hours and minutes.
Expressed HHMM
0120 = 1 hour 20 minutes

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12
Q

What does the following abbreviation stand for

ETE

A

ESTIMATED TIME EN-ROUTE

Time taken between waypoint (or depature and destination)
Measured in hours and minutes
Expressed HHMM
0120 = 1 hour 20 minutes

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13
Q

What does the following abbreviation stand for

ATD

A

ACTUAL TIME of DEPARTURE

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14
Q

What does the following abbreviation stand for

ATA

A

ACTUAL TIME of ARRIVAL

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15
Q

An aircraft takes off from an airfield with an elevation of 1000ft. It travels at IAS 75kts with a rate of climb of 500fpm. There is a 20kt tailwind component. What altitude can be expected after a distance of 5nm?

Use a wizz wheel

A

2,575 ft

  1. IAS 75kts + 20 kts tailwind ∝ 75 + 20 = 95 kts
  2. Set 95 kts on the wizz wheel and determine how many minutes to travel 5nm
  3. Reads 3.15 minutes
  4. Airfract is ascending 500fpm ∝ 500 x 3.15 = 1575
  5. Aircraft will climb 1,575ft over 5nm. HOWEVER, we started at an elevation of 1000 ft
  6. 1000 + 1575 = 2575 ft
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16
Q

Triangle of Velocities

Find the wind velocity from the given set of values
Required Track = 100॰
Heading = 125॰
Groundspeed = 125 kts
TAS = 90 kts

Use a wizz wheel

A

Wind Direction 238॰
58 kts

  1. Set wizz wheel track tru to heading 125॰
  2. Move slider so center dot is set to the TAS of 90 kts
  3. Track true is 100॰, which is -25॰ from heading of 125॰ (125 - 100 = 25)
  4. Reading up the slider bar starting from the ground speed of 125 kts, read along the graph line less 25॰ i.e. follow the line to the LEFT (since we are minus) 25 degrees
  5. Rotate the wizz wheel until the wind dot is directly down from the center dot. You may need to adjust the slider so the dot sits on a graph line
  6. Deduct the value of whatever the wind dot sits on from the center dot i.e. if the wind dot sits on 42, and the center dot on 100, 100 - 42
  7. ANSWER = 58 kts, 238॰
    LINK HERE
17
Q

How long will it take to fly a track given the following set of values;
TAS = 90 kts
Track True = 100॰
Distance = 20nm
Wind Direction = 030॰
Wind Speed = 25 kts

Use a wizz wheel

A

15.6 min

  1. Set speed dot to 90 kts TAS
  2. Set track true to wind direction of 030॰ and mark a dot down 25 kts
  3. Spin the wheel to 100॰ track true, note the dot you marked moves to the right 17॰
  4. Remember EAST is LEAST, WEST is BEST. Since the dot moved to the EAST we subtract 17॰ from the track true. 100 - 17 = 83॰
  5. Move the wizz wheel so track is now 83॰. Read along the graph line where the marked dot now sits. Note it is 77 kts
  6. On the flight computer, set 77 kts as ground speed and set marker line to 20nm. Read the minutes from the inner wheel, note it is 15.6
18
Q

The difference between Track Made Good and Required Track

A

TRACK ERROR

19
Q

The difference between Required Track and Heading

A

DRIFT

PPL - Navigation (16 decks)

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