3.8.3 Genome Projects

Question 1

What is the genome

Answer 1

The complete set of genetic information contained in the cells of an organism

Question 2

What is genome sequencing

Answer 2

Identifying the DNA base sequence of an individual
Allows us to determine the amino acid sequence of the polypeptides coded for by that DNA

Question 3

Can you directly translate the genome into the proteome

Answer 3

Yes in simpler organisms
No in complex organisms-presence of non-coding DNA and regulatory genes, harder to obtain proteome

Question 4

Application of sequencing proteome in simple organisms

Answer 4

Identifying potential antigens for use in vaccine production

Question 5

Applications of genome sequencing

Answer 5

Comparing genomes between species to determine evolutionary relationships
Genetic matching
Personalised medicine
Synthetic biology

Question 6

How have sequencing methods changed over time

Answer 6

Used to be manual process
Now automated
A reaction mixture is created + after process is complete, a machine reads the base sequence