Exam 2.3

Question 1

What are the elements of Community-Oriented Policing?

Answer 1

• Police-Community reciprocity: Communication between police and public
• Areal decentralization of command: Establish substations to increase interaction
• Reorientation of patrol: Moving from car to foot patrol
• Civilianization: Employing civilians within police agencies

Question 2

What are principles of Community-Oriented Policing?

Answer 2

• Citizens should have input in policing
• Police should put their philosophy into practice
• Community officers must connect the police and citizens
• Must help quality of life
• Relies on human interaction and resourcefulness
• Must be fully integrated to be most effective

Question 3

What is the goal of Problem-Oriented Policing?

Answer 3

To solve persistent community problems

Question 4

What is the difference between COP and POP?

Answer 4

Their emphases on strategy

Question 5

What do Problem-Oriented officers do?

Answer 5

Identify common problems and develop solutions

Question 6

What is SARA?

Answer 6

4-step problem-solving model
* Scanning
* Analysis
* Response
* Assessment

Question 7

What is Intelligence-Led Policing?

Answer 7

• Conceptual framework and information-gathering process
• Allows agencies to better understand their own crime problems and to consider what resources are available before deciding what the most effective strategies are

Question 8

What is Evidence-Based Policing?

Answer 8

• Supports an informed decision-making process using a scientific method of discovery
• Research is important for policing-based decisions

Question 9

What is Hot-Spot Policing?

Answer 9

• High-visibility patrol
• Zero tolerance enforcement
• Crackdowns and raids
• Intensive enforcement of firearm laws
• Safety frisks during traffic stops

Question 10

What are Hot Spots?

Answer 10

Geographic areas with clusters of crimes that occur within an interval of time

Question 11

What is Directed Patrol?

Answer 11

• Increasing police presence in an area
• Focuses officers on specific behaviors, individuals, and places

Question 12

What is Differential Response Policing?

Answer 12

• Classifies calls by their seriousness to determine appropriate response
• Rejects idea of dispatching request in the order of the calls received

Question 13

How are calls classified in Differential Response Policing?

Answer 13

Seriousness
* Immediate response
* Delayed response
* No response

Question 14

What is Saturation Patrol?

Answer 14

Adding patrol officers to an area to increase police visibility

Question 15

What is Situational Crime Prevention?

Answer 15

Reduces crime by reducing opportunities for crime and increasing risks for offenders

Question 16

What are the 5 major strategies in Situational Crime Prevention?

Answer 16

• Increasing effort needed to commit crime
• Increasing risks associated with crime
• Reducing reward gained from crime
• Reducing provocation
• Removing excuses for committing crime

Question 17

What is Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design?

Answer 17

Believes proper design of environment can reduce crime

Question 18

What is Pulling Levers policing?

Answer 18

Focuses attention on a small number of repeated offenders that are responsible for a large share of crime problems

Question 19

What is Broken Windows Theory?

Answer 19

Believes reducing minor crimes will reduce violent crimes
* Little evidence to support it

Zero-Tolerance Policing

Question 20

What is Procedural Justice policing?

Answer 20

Policing model based on empirical research that demonstrats compliance with the law and willingness to cooperate with enforcement efforts are primarily shaped by the strength of citizens’ beliefs that law enforcement agencies are legitimate