Bacteria (morphology-description)

Question 1

cytoplasmic membrane

Answer 1

this lipid/protein outer boundary of the cytoplasm regulates what goes in and out of the cell (permeability)

Question 2

ribosomes

Answer 2

small RNA/protein particles required for protein synthesis

Question 3

chromosome

Answer 3

large single strand of DNA that contains the “blueprint” for all cell structure and activity in regions called gene

Question 4

plasmids

Answer 4

DNA that contains only a few genes and is exchanged between bacteria (codes for antibiotic resistance or virulence factors)

Question 5

granules

Answer 5

storage bodies (may contain phosphates, iron, lipids,etc.)

Question 6

cell wall

Answer 6

rigid structure (peptidoglycan +/- lipopolysaccharide) that protects against osmotic pressure damage and provides cell shape - cylindrical (bacillus); spherical (coccus); helical (spirillum)

Question 7

capsule

Answer 7

polysaccharide “coatings” secreted by cells (adhesins)

Question 8

flagella

Answer 8

long, thin protein (flagellin) polymers that provide motility

Question 9

pili

Answer 9

long, thin protein (pilin) polymers that act as adhesins

Question 10

endospore

Answer 10

thick-walled protective structures; highly resistant to adverse environmental conditions (high temperature, drying, O2, etc.)