Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

procedures > urinary system > Flashcards

urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

removing waste products from the blood, maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance, and secreting substances that affect blood pressure and other important body functions

A

function of the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many liters of urine do the kidneys produce per day

A

1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 1/2 inches long, 2-3 inches wide, and 1.25 inches thick with a medial concave border and a lateral convex border

A

kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

superior aspect of the kidney lies more _____ than the inferior in an ______ plane angled anteriorly towards the aorta about _____ *

A

posterior, oblique, 35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

kidneys extend from about _____

A

T12 - L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

related to the kidneys

A

renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

related to the kidneys (2)

A

nephro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

related to the kidneys (3)

A

pyelo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

related to the ureters

A

uretero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sac-like structure

A

cysto

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

related to the urethra

A

urethro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

related to the urinary system

A

uro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

enters the kidneys in the normal direction of blood flow

A

antegrade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

contrast media introduced against normal flow

A

retrograde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does IVU stand for

A

intravenous urogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

evaluation of known or suspected ureteral obstruction, recurrent urolithiasis, assessment of suspected congenital abnormalities, upper urinary tract lesions, effects of trauma, abnormalities that increase infection risks

A

indications for IVU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

contraindications for IVU

A

ability of kidneys to filter contrast medium from the blood, patient’s allergy history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

patient prep for IVU

A

lots of water, low residue diet 1-2 days, light evening meal, sometimes laxative, NPO past midnight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

supplies for IVU procedure

A

contrast (typically 300), syringe, intravenous catheter kit, saline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

begin IVU by taking ____

A

scout, KUB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

perform _____ and set IV catheter, inject contrast ______ may be requested, perform ____ image, then image in succession every _____, give patient post exam instructions

A

venipuncture, bolus/drip, initial, 3-5 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

IVU during pregnancy

A

common exam due to obstruction of the ureters caused by fetus, exam modified to lower dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the purpose in ureteral compression during IVU

A

slow the flow of opacified urine into the bladder to ensure filling of renal pelvises and calyces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

where is the compression centered during IVU

A

ASIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is a post void bladder used to check for

A

small tumor masses or enlarged prostate in male patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

RPO shows

A

left kidney and right ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

LPO shows

A

right kidney and left ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what are the projections for a nephrotomogram

A

AP during arterial phase and AP tomograms during the nephrotic phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

about how long does the nephrotic phase occur after completion of contrast injection

A

within 5 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what steps to take to locate kidney depth

A

measure patient with calipers in cm then divide by 3 and add 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

centering for tomogram

A

MSP, curve of 10th rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

for tomogram images should occur where

A

one at fulcrum, then 1 inch above and below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

patient prep for retrograde urogram

A

sterile procedure, pt placed in modified lithotomy position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what 3 projections are usually obtained during retrograde urogram

A

preliminary image, pyelogram, ureterogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

contrast injected under cine to watch flow, about how much fills up the renal pelvis

A

3-5 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

some urologists recommend the table be tilted ___* _____ to prevent contrast from escaping the ureters

A

10-15, towards the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

for a pregnant female which exams can be performed

A

fetography, pelvimetry, placentography

38
Q

for a female cystourethrography the AP projection has ____* angle

A

5* caudal

39
Q

for a non pregnant female, what are the procedures

A

HSG and vaginography

40
Q

why is HSG performed

A

determine size, shape, and position of uterus and uterine tubes, delineate lesions such as polyps, submucous tumor masses, investigate patency of the uterine tubes in patients

41
Q

within how many days should a HSG be schedules following onset of menstruation

A

10

42
Q

before the HSG procedure, the patient should

A

empty the bladder, irrigate the vagina and clean perineal region

43
Q

if the tubes are patent during an HSG, what should happen

A

contrast would spill into the peritoneal cavity

44
Q

IMAGES during an HSG should demonstrate

A

pelvic region 2 inches above pubic symphysis, all contrast media, soft tissue

45
Q

what is a vaginography used for

A

investigate congenital malformations and fistulae

46
Q

what projections can be used for vaginography

A

AP, AP oblique, and lateral

47
Q

when should a fectography be performed

A

until after week 18 of gestation

48
Q

what does pelvimetry and fetal cephalometry demonstrate

A

the architecture of the pelvis compared with the size of the fetal head

49
Q

what does a placentography show

A

the walls of the uterus to locate the placenta in cases of placenta previa

50
Q

the male radiography of the seminal ducts is performed to examine what

A

genitourinary abnormalities: cysts, abscesses, tumors, inflammation, sterility

51
Q

what is the most common modality used to examine the male reproductive organs

A

ultrasound

52
Q

what is the term applied to investigate the prostate by radiographic, cystographic, or vesiculographic procedures

A

prostatography

53
Q

_____ is preferred imaging modality for investigation of the prostate

A

sonography

54
Q

renal capsule =

A

outer covering

55
Q

renal cortex =

A

outer layer of renal tissue

56
Q

renal medulla =

A

inner layer of renal tissue

57
Q

renal columns =

A

extensions of cortex between renal pyramids

58
Q

nephron =

A

essential microscope component of kidney

59
Q

calyces =

A

cup-shaped stems that enclose one or more papilla

60
Q

longitudinal slit in medial border for transmission of blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and ureter

A

hilum

61
Q

each kidney contains approx. _______ nephrons

A

1 million

62
Q

is a filter for blood, allowing fine particles and water to pass into the capsule

A

glomerulus

63
Q

the ureters are ______ long

A

10-12 inches long

64
Q

the junction of the ureters and the bladder is called the _________

A

ureterovesical junction (UVJ)

65
Q

a musculomembranous sac that serves as a resevoir for urine

A

bladder

66
Q

the bladder can hold approx. _______ of fluid when completely full

A

500 mL

67
Q

triangular area of the bladder base between 3 openings

A

trigone

68
Q

small glandular body surrounding the proximal part of the male urethra

A

prostate

69
Q

enlargement of prostate

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

70
Q

abnormal concentration of mineral salts, often called a stone

A

calculus

71
Q

malignant new growth composed of epithelial cells

A

carcinoma

72
Q

abnormality present at birth

A

congenital anomaly

73
Q

2 renal pelves or ureters from the same kidney

A

duplicate collecting system

74
Q

fusion of the kidneys, usually at the lower poles

A

horseshoe kidney

75
Q

kidney that fails to ascend and remains in the pelvis

A

pelvic kidney

76
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

77
Q

abnormal connection btwn 2 internal organs or btwn an organ and the body surface

A

fistula

78
Q

inflammation of the capillary loops in the glomeruli of the kidney

A

glomerulonephritis

79
Q

distention of renal pelvis and calyces with urine

A

hydronephrosis

80
Q

excessive inferior displacement of the kidneys or kidney prolapse

A

nephroptosis

81
Q

pelvic vein calcifications

A

phleboliths

82
Q

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

A

pyelonephritis

83
Q

massive enlargement of the kidney with the formation of many cysts

A

polycystic kidney

84
Q

increase BP to the kidney

A

renal hypertension

85
Q

condition preventing normal blood flow of the urine through the urinary system

A

renal obstruction

86
Q

narrowing or contraction of a passage

A

stenosis

87
Q

new tissue growth where cell proliferation is uncontrolled

A

tumor

88
Q

most common pediatric abdominal neoplasm affecting the kidney

A

wilms

89
Q

ballooning of the lower end of the ureter into the bladder

A

ureterocele

90
Q

backward flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters

A

vesicoureteral reflux

procedures (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions