Chapter 5 Galvanic cells

Question 1

Accumulator

Answer 1

A secondary electrochemical cell

Question 2

Alkaline cell

Answer 2

A commercial electrochemical cell with an alkaline electrolyte that is a moist paste rather than a solution

Question 3

Anode

Answer 3

Electrode where oxidation reaction occurs

Question 4

Battery

Answer 4

A combination of cells connected in series

Question 5

Battery Capacity

Answer 5

The maximum amount of energy available under certain specific conditions. It is determined by the amount of reactants contained in the battery.

Question 6

Battery life

Answer 6

A measure of the performance of a battery. It can be the time the battery operates in a device following a full charge or the number of charge-discharge cycles before the battery becomes unusable.

Question 7

Electrochemical cell

Answer 7

A device that converts chemical E into electrical E or vice versa.

Question 8

Electrochemical series

Answer 8

A list of half-equations, written as reduction rxn, arranged in order so that the strongest oxidising agents are at the top, left-hand-side of the list

Question 9

Electrode

Answer 9

A (usually) solid conductor in a half-cell at which oxidation or reduction rxn occurs. (a material that has delocalised e- that can move through the circuit)

Question 10

Electrolyte

Answer 10

A chemical substance which conducts electric current as a result of dissociation into positively and negatively charged ions, which migrate to the negative and positive terminals of the electric circuit.

Question 11

Electromotive force

Answer 11

The electrical pressure between two points in a circuit, such as the electrodes of an electrochemical cell; a measure of the E given to electrons in a circuit.

Question 12

Electronegative

Answer 12

A measure of the ability of an atom of an element to attract e-.

Question 13

External circuit

Answer 13

The section of an electrochemical cell in which e- move. This section includes the wires attached to the electrode.

Question 14

Galvanic cell

Answer 14

Also known as a voltaic cell, converts chemical to electrical E

Question 15

Galvanometer

Answer 15

An instrument for detecting electric current

Question 16

Half cell

Answer 16

Half an electrochemical cell which contains the oxidant and its conjugate reductant. When two half-cells are combined, a galvanic cell is formed.

Question 17

Half Equation

Answer 17

A balanced chemical eqxn which shows the loss or gain of e- by a species during oxidation or reduction

Question 18

Inert Electrode

Answer 18

An electrode which is not consumed by the rxn occurring at the electrode. The electrode serves only as a conductor of e-. Precious metals and carbon are typically used as inert electrodes.

Question 19

Internal circuit

Answer 19

The section of an electrochemical cell in which ions move e.g., solutions and salt bridge.

Question 20

Lithium-ion cell

Answer 20

A galvanic cell which generates electricity from the oxidation of lithium embedded in the lattice structure of a graphite rod and the reduction of a metal oxide. The reduction product combines with the lithium ion.

Question 21

Non-Rechargeable cell

Answer 21

primary cell

Question 22

Volt

Answer 22

The Unit of potential difference. One volt is defined as one joule per coulomb of charge.

Question 23

Voltmeter

Answer 23

An instrument for measuring electrical potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit.

Question 24

Cathode

Answer 24

Electrode at which reduction occurs