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DOC BEE > PRELIMS > Flashcards

PRELIMS Flashcards

1
Q

5 major ethnic groups :
(Pakistan)

A

PUNJABIS,
SINDHIS,
PATHANS,
MUHAJIRS, &
BALOCH.

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2
Q

East and West Pakistan were so great that the division was described as a second

A

“Two - Nation Theory”

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3
Q

became the foundation of Sri Lankan tradition and culture.

A

Buddhism

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4
Q

the capital of Bhurishrestha Kingdom in Vanga

A

Singhapura,

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5
Q

the capital of Rajarata for over a thousand years

A

Anuradhapura

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6
Q

close diplomatic and cultural ties were maintained with Emperor Asoka of the Mauryan dynasty

A

the reign of Devanampiya Tissa

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7
Q

the oldest and largest stupa,

A

Thuparama Dagoba

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8
Q

the kingdom of Devanampiya Tissa during his 40-year reign which sponsored what later on became

A

Theravada/Hinayana Buddhism

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9
Q

distinguished himself as the one who expanded and beautified Anuradhapura by building numerous stupas, temples and monasteries/ Slayed ELARA

A

Dutugamunu

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10
Q

launched a campaign to destroy Mahayana Buddhism and built numerous reservoir and irrigation systems in Sri Lanka

A

King Mahasena (275-301 CE)

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11
Q

the sacred tooth relic of the Buddha was brought to Sri Lanka from India by

A

Princess Hemamali

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12
Q

liberated Anuradhapura in 459 CE from the Tamils again,

A

King Dhatusena

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13
Q

three Hindu Empires

A

(Pallava, Pandya and Chola)

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14
Q

the last Sinhalese king of Anuradhapura, fled to Ruhuna/Rohana until 1017, when he was captured and taken prisoner to India by the Chola

A

King Mahinda V

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15
Q

the Chola in Sri Lanka established their capital at

A

Polonnaruwa

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16
Q

who made it mandatory that the Sinhalese king be Buddhist

A

King Nissankamalla

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17
Q

distinguished himself as a literary genius and wrote Kausilumina

A

Prakramabahu II

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18
Q

Restored the kingdom to Polonnaruwa and relied upon diplomacy with the Pandyan that brought the tooth relic back to Sri Lanka

A

King Prakramabahu Ill

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19
Q

a powerful clan in Gampolla, allied itself with the other Sinhalese kingdoms against the Aryachakravarti dynasty

A

Alagakkonara

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20
Q

Last Sinhalese Kingdom

A

Kotte Kingdom by King Vikramabahu III

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21
Q

the king was assassinated by his three sons who divided the kingdom into three realms

A

Sitawaka, Raigama and Kotte (Sri Lanka)

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22
Q

Portuguese campaigns against the Jaffna kingdom led to the loss of Kandy, which was seized by

A

Vimaladharmasuriya

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23
Q

established during the reign of Vikramabahu IlI of Gampola in the late 15th century

A

Kingdom of Kandy

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24
Q

Kandyan King and his daughter fled to Jaffna and Baptized…

A

as Christians and adopted the name Don Philipp and Dona Catharina

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25
Q

the Kingdom of Kandy survive with the help of the

A

Danish East India Company

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26
Q

First Governor of Ceylon

A

Frederick North

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27
Q

(French archaeologist) reveal that Afghanistan was inhabited by humans 50,000 years ago and farming communities developed early in the area

A

Louis Dupree

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28
Q

were known to be diadochy/successors of Alexander to the empire

A

Seleucus and Antigonus

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29
Q

Chandragupta Maurya got hold of the Hindu- Kush region after signing a

A

peace treaty with the Seleucid kingdom which involved intermarriage and 500 elephants

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30
Q

established commercial and cultural contacts with Rome in the west and China in the east (Afghanistan)

A

Kushan Empire

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31
Q

known to the people Of India as the “Red Huns”

A

Kidarites

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32
Q

the name of central and western Afghanistan during its Middle Ages

A

Khorasan

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33
Q

it was the conversion Of the — into Islam that made the Muslim conquest Of most Of Afghanistan possible

A

Pashtun

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34
Q

Land of Mystic Splendor

A

KINGDOM OF SIKKIM

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35
Q

earliest settlers/inhabitants are a people called (Sikkim)

A

Lepchas

36
Q

Had a divine vision that brought him and his five sons to the kingdom of Sakya where his son Khye Bumsa helped

A

Guru Tashi

37
Q

introduced Buddhism to the Lepchas and annexed the Chumbi valley

A

Chogyal and the 3 lamas

38
Q

was forced into exile to Tibet in 1788 during a massive invasion by the Nepalese Gorkhas

A

Chogyal Tenzing

39
Q

the British governor of India that denied Sikkimese independence from

A

Claude White

40
Q

Chogyal for a brief period in 1914 during which he sought widened sovereignty from Britain and sponsored sweeping reforms (Sikkim)

A

Sidkeong Tulku Namgyal

41
Q

ancient Bhutanese and Tibetan chronicles lend credence to its existence was originally called Drukyul

A

(country of the Drukpa, the Dragon people)

42
Q

were said to have overran northern Bhutan during the early historical period

A

Monpa

43
Q

an exile from India adopted Buddhism as the official religion in 746 CE and sponsored its propagation (Bhutan)

A

Chakhar Gyalpo

44
Q

was invited for a visit by the king and after vanquishing demons and converting the king, he went to Tibet

A

the Buddhist saint Padmasambhava (Guru Rimpoche or the Second Buddha)

45
Q

introduction of —– gave Bhutan its first written chronicles and literature and it also helped unite its people at least from a religious standpoint

A

Buddhism

46
Q

Rimpoche also established the …

A

Ningmyapa sect (Red Hat sect) of Mahayana Buddhism, the most dominant in Bhutan

47
Q

manuals describing forms of devotion to natural energies

A

Tantras

48
Q

Most dominant practice

A

Drukpa

49
Q

the king was both the god and the head of the government (head of the religion [highest of the gods] and the one who ruled the country)

A

Theocratic

50
Q

Nawang Nyamgal

A

an expatriate Drukpa monk established an independent kingdom in Bhutan in 1616

51
Q

codified laws, and built an impregnable network of dzongs (fortress temples)

A

Bhutanese families in Drukyul,

52
Q

(at whose feet one submits or Dharma Raja)

A

“shabdrung”

53
Q

Je Khenpo (lord abbot) and civil affairs were managed by the Druk Desi (regent) elected by a state council

A

Namgyal’s administration was a state monastic body

54
Q

served as the seat Of government for spring, summer and fall,

A

Thimpu

55
Q

northeast Of Thimpu was the winter capital

A

Punakha Dzong

56
Q

ponlop,

A
  1. collected taxes, decided cases, and maintained peace and order
  2. administered local governments (three regions)
57
Q

in the early 18th century, Bhutan encountered some trouble in the principality of

A

COOCH BEHAR

58
Q

failure of the negotiations for another peace treaty with the British in 1864 led to the

A

Duar WAr

59
Q

(Dragon King), head of a hereditary absolute monarchy

A

Druk Gyalpo

60
Q

Dorji family

A

was also declared as the head Of the hereditary office of gongzim (chief chamberlain), the highest government position
(Bhutan)

61
Q

Bhutan was gradually modernized with the introduction of western-style schools, modern communication facilities, re-establishment and expansion of trade with India and revitalization of the Buddhist monastic system

A

Ugyen Wangchuck’s leadership

62
Q

Jigme Wangchuck

A

continued his father’s centralization and modernization agenda and built more schools, hospitals and roads

63
Q

Nepal’s Legendary Age

A

Kirati Period

64
Q

are considered to be the first inhabitants of the Kathmandu valley

A

Kirati

65
Q

was an important son of the Sakyamuni and he was later on revered as Gautama Buddha “The Enlightened One”

A

Siddhartha Gautama

66
Q

Buddha’s birthplace

A

Lumbini

67
Q

Ashoka built stupas in …

A

Patan and Swayambhunath

68
Q

paid Emperor Samudragupta (335-375 BCE) taxes and tributes and obeyed his commands

A

the “Lord of Nepal”

69
Q

came to Nepal to attack and destroy the Kirata kingdom

A

Licchavi

70
Q

nobles who were allowed to maintain their own armies, own land, and sometimes influence the court.

A

samantas

71
Q

Was a rajput dynasty that ruled Nepal up to the middle of the 12th century

A

The Kingdom of the Thakuris

72
Q

One of its most notable kings (Nepal) was who built a wooden house made from a single tree, from which the name Kathmandu was derived

A

Gunakama Deva who built the Kasthamandapa,

73
Q

Early in the 11th century, the country was ruled by

A

Thakauri Nuwakot dynasty

74
Q

unified the Kathmandu valley and its environs and gave Nepal its first codified laws based upon ancient religious textbooks

A

Jayasthitimalla

75
Q

Jayasthitimalla’s great grandson

A

Yakshamalla

76
Q

the death of Yakshamalla lead to the division of Nepal into three kingdoms:

A

Patan, Bhadgaon, and Kathmandu

77
Q

Portuguese missionary — visited Nepal and in 1715, the first Capuchin mission was founded in Kathmandu

A

John Cabral

78
Q

unified Nepal by launching an invasion of the Kathmandu valley in the 1760s after his conquest of Patan and Bhadgaon in 1768, he ordered the permanent expulsion of all foreigners, including traders, Catholic missionaries, musicians and artists who were influenced by the northern Indian style

A

Pritvhi Narayan Shah of Gorkha

79
Q

Nepal was forced to sign the — which forced it to give up its claims to its western territories; moreover, they were forced to accept a British resident in Kathmandu

A

Sagauli Treaty

80
Q

to control succession brought her to conspire with Jang Bahadur Rana to assassinate the prime minister

A

Rajendra’s queen

81
Q

Jung Bahadur Rana’s nephews killed Jung’s sons in a coup and adopted the name

A

“Jung Bahadur”

82
Q

expressed remorse over the coup, he was deposed by his brothers after holding power for only two months

A

Deva Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana

83
Q

ruled the country as prime ministers until the 1950s (Nepal)

A

Shumsher Ranas

84
Q

that guaranteed Nepal’s independence

A

Treaty of Perpetual Peace and Friendship

85
Q

Nepal lost and was forced to sign the — with the British and the —- Treaty with Sikkim

A

Suguali & Titalia Treaty

DOC BEE (4 decks)

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