Stomach Motility and Gastric Emptying

Question 1

muscle contractions of stomach wall help what

Answer 1

break down food particles

Question 2

gastric contents are released how

Answer 2

at a controlled rate

Question 3

specialized smooth muscle cells act as what

Answer 3

pacemaker cells

Question 4

fluctuations in resting membrane potential lead to what

Answer 4

muscle contraction

Question 5

what does acetylcholine do to resting potentional

Answer 5

elevates it

Question 6

entry of Ca++ ions into muscle cell initiates what

Answer 6

contraction

Question 7

each part of the stomach differs in degree of movement based on

Answer 7

its function

Question 8

expands to accommodate large volumes of food

Answer 8

fundus

Question 9

is a large mixing chamber

Answer 9

body

Question 10

acts like a pump

Answer 10

pyloric antrum

Question 11

two things that peristaltic contractions do

Answer 11

fragment food into small particles
influence rate of gastric emptying

Question 12

two places that peristaltic contractions are weak

Answer 12

fundus and body

Question 13

peristaltic contractions get progressively stronger as what

Answer 13

food moves toward pylorus

Question 14

the process that forces large particles back into the stomach for additional breakdown

Answer 14

retropulsion

Question 15

the control of gastric motility is under what kind of control

Answer 15

neurohumoral control

Question 16

what does neurohumoral control mean

Answer 16

control by neurotransmitters and hormones

Question 17

in the neuro component of neurohumoral control, the fibers of vagus nerve synapse on cells in

Answer 17

gastric myenteric plexus

Question 18

the motility of the stomach decreases when what

Answer 18

food enters

Question 19

the motility of the stomach increases when what

Answer 19

food approaches pyloric region

Question 20

in the neuro component of neurohumoral control, acetylcholine is released where

Answer 20

pyloric region

Question 21

what hormone is released in the hormone component of neurohumoral control

Answer 21

gastrin

Question 22

gastric emptying is primarily controlled by the strength of ______ ______ muscle contractions

Answer 22

pyloric antral

Question 23

gastric emptying is also controlled by the degree of contraction of the ______ _______

Answer 23

pyloric sphincter

Question 24

hormones released by what can also delay gastric emptying

Answer 24

small intestine

Question 25

what three hormones from the small intestine can effect gastric emptying

Answer 25

secretin
cholecystokinin (CCK)
gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)