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epi.o.i.d > Spongiform Encephalopathies > Flashcards

Spongiform Encephalopathies Flashcards

1
Q

Transmissible encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting infective prions in the brain

A

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2
Q

In the case of transmissible encephalopathies lesions can only be seen in the central nervous system

A

F

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3
Q

Prion diseases can be diagnosed by detecting the antibodies with ELISA.

A

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4
Q

There are major differences in the amino acid sequence of the normal and infective prions

A

F

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5
Q

Spongiform encephalopathies of animals occur worldwide except Australia and New Zealand

A

F

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6
Q

Prions can become infective prions as a result of a mutation

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7
Q

In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen

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8
Q

In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion

A

F

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9
Q

Infective prions are resistant against the usual concentration of disinfectants

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10
Q

Agents of transmissible encephalopathies are most frequently detected with PCR

A

F

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11
Q

Weight loss is a clinical sign of Transmissible encephalopathies

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12
Q

ELISA can be used for the detection of infective prions in the brain

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13
Q

The folding of normal and the infective prion is different

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14
Q

Infective prions are resistant against proteases

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15
Q

Infective prions can survive 100 °C

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16
Q

Prions consist of protein and DNA

A

F

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17
Q

Chronic prion has no nucleic acid inside

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18
Q

Chronic prion is inactivated by boiling

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F

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19
Q

Chronic prion form has other form than normal prions

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20
Q

Prions contain protein and DNA

A

F

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21
Q

Infection with infective prions generally happens per os

A

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22
Q

Transmissible encephalopathies are slow diseases

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23
Q

In the case of transmissible encephalopathies encephalitis can be seen in the grey material of the brain

A

F

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24
Q

Transmissible encephalopathies are caused by prions

A

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25
Q

PCR is used to the detection of prions

A

F

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26
Q

Prions always cause viraemia in the infected hosts

A

F

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27
Q

Prions are spreading in the host along the nerves

A

T

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28
Q

Normal prions are essential components of the cell membrane of the hosts

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29
Q

Infective prions replicate in the cytoplasm of the neurons

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30
Q

Infective prions are taken per os.

A

T

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31
Q

Encephalitis is typical in the case of transmissible encephalopathies

A

F

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32
Q

Protease breaks down prions

A

F

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33
Q

Transmissible encephalopathies are acute or per-acute diseases

A

F

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34
Q

Antibodies to prions cannot be detected in the case of transmissible encephalopathies

A

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35
Q

Allergy tests are widely used to diagnose transmissible encephalopathies

A

F

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36
Q

Scrapie has genetic predisposition

A

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37
Q

Scrapie prion is shed in discharges of the infected animals

A

T

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38
Q

The EU is free from Scrapie

A

F

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39
Q

Scrapie is a zoonotic disease

A

F

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40
Q

Atypical scrapie strains are not shed by the infected animals

A

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41
Q

Scrapie prion is detected with PCR

A

F

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42
Q

Scrapie is a disease of sheep, goats, and cattle

A

F

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43
Q

Scrapie is mainly seen in sheep between 1.5 and 5 years of age

A

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44
Q

Itching is a frequent sign of scrapie

A

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45
Q

Both typical and atypical scrapie strains can cause itching

A

F

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46
Q

Scrapie has more clinical signs in lambs than adult sheep

A

F

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47
Q

Certain genotypes of sheep are resistant against Scrapie prion

A

T

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48
Q

Scrapie is spreading with per os infection

A

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49
Q

Genetic predisposition is needed for scrapie to develop

A

T

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50
Q

Atypical scrapie strains can cause the same clinical signs as typical scrapie

A

F

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51
Q

Scrapie can be prevented with live vaccines

A

F

52
Q

Scrapie sensitivity depends on genotype of sheep

A

T

53
Q

Scrapie can be transmitted between sheep in a flock

A

T

54
Q

Itching is always a clinical sign of scrapie

A

F

55
Q

In scrapie we can observe lameness

A

F

56
Q

Scrapie occurs only in Britain and Ireland

A

F

57
Q

Sheep cannot shed the scrapie prion

A

F

58
Q

Clinical signs of scrapie are most frequent in animals between 6 and 12 months of age

A

F

59
Q

Scrapie is seen only in adult sheep

A

F

60
Q

Scrapie is seen in sheep and goats

A

T

61
Q

Goat are resistant to scrapie

A

F

62
Q

Scrapie is spread within the flock from animal to animal

A

T

63
Q

Scrapie prion can infect susceptible animals per os

A

T

64
Q

Itching can be seen in the case of typical scrapie

A

T

65
Q

Itching can be seen in the case of atypical scrapie

A

F

66
Q

Certain sheep can be resistant to scrapie

A

T

67
Q

Scrapie can be prevented with inactivated vaccines

A

F

68
Q

Scrapie prion is shed by the infected animals

A

T

69
Q

Scrapie can be prevented by using attenuated vaccines

A

F

70
Q

There is a per os infection in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy

A

T

71
Q

The behaviour of the animals is changed in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy

A

T

72
Q

Transmissible Mink encephalopathy can be transmitted by eating infected meat.

A

T

73
Q

Transmissible Mink encephalopathy symptoms: being anxious

A

T

74
Q

Minks are infected with transmissible mink encephalopathy prion per os

A

T

75
Q

Minks shed the transmissible mink encephalopathy prion in the faeces

A

F (no shedding at all!!!!)

76
Q

Movement disorders are typical signs of transmissible mink encephalopathy

A

T

77
Q

Aggressiveness is a clinical sign of BSE

A

T

78
Q

BSE prion causes meningoencephalitis

A

F

79
Q

Clinical signs of BSE appear in cattle slowly

A

T

80
Q

Movement disorders are typical clinical signs of BSE

A

T

81
Q

BSE prion is shed in milk in large amount

A

F

82
Q

BSE prion generally infects cattle in aerosol

A

F

83
Q

BSE prion travels along the nerves from the gut to the brain

A

T

84
Q

BSE infects animals per os

A

T

85
Q

Enteritis and haemorrhages can be seen postmortem in BSE cattle

A

F

86
Q

Hyperaesthesia is a clinical sign of BSE

A

T

87
Q

Calves of cows infected with BSE are frequently infected, they have to be destroyed

A

F

88
Q

There is no vaccine for the prevention of BSE

A

T

89
Q

Ataxia is a clinical sign of BSE

A

T

90
Q

BSE is a zoonotic disease

A

T

91
Q

BSE is spreading fast in the infected herd

A

F

92
Q

Clinical signs of BSE can be seen mainly in 1-1.5 years old cattle

A

F

93
Q

For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy laboratory examination, we use ELISA

A

T

94
Q

In Bovine spongiform encephalopathy the meat contains high number of prions

A

T

95
Q

Creutzfeldt Jakob syndrome is a new type of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in humans

A

T

96
Q

BSE prions are shed in the faeces and it is transmitted to other cattle in the herd

A

F

97
Q

The incubation time of BSE is 3-5 years

A

T

98
Q

Only a few animals show clinical signs of BSE in an infected herd

A

T

99
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is widespread in Europe; it is common in most European countries

A

F

100
Q

BSE is not spreading from animal to animal

A

T

101
Q

In the case of BSE polioencephalitis is the main post mortem lesion

A

F

102
Q

BSE prion is mainly detected with PCR

A

F

103
Q

The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is not shed by the infected animals

A

T

104
Q

Antibodies against bovine spongiform encephalopathy are detected with ELISA

A

F

105
Q

The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading along the nerves in the infected animals

A

T

106
Q

The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is shed in large number in the milk

A

F

107
Q

Changed behaviour is a typical sign of bovine spongiform encephalopathy

A

T

108
Q

In case of spongiform encephalopathies micro abscesses are in the brain stem

A

F

109
Q

Spongiform encephalopathies are mainly acute diseases

A

F

110
Q

In the case of spongiform encephalopathies there is encephalitis

A

F

111
Q

Spongiform encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting circulating antibodies

A

F

112
Q

In the case of spongiform encephalopathies the behaviour of the animal is generally changed

A

T

113
Q

In the case of spongiform encephalopathies encephalitis is the main post mortem lesion

A

F

114
Q

In the case of spongiform encephalopathies high levels of antibodies is produced

A

F

115
Q

Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by prions

A

T

116
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy cannot infect humans

A

F

117
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes aggression

A

T

118
Q

You can diagnose bovine spongiform encephalopathy with ELISA

A

T

119
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes an immune response

A

F

120
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is a contact infection

A

F

121
Q

BSE can be seen in calves from the age of 6 months

A

F

122
Q

Hypersensitivity is a clinical sign of BSE

A

T

123
Q

Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of BSE

A

F

124
Q

2-6 months old calves having BSE are frequently aggressive

A

F

125
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is seen only in beef cows

A

F

126
Q

Cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy have movement difficulties

A

T

epi.o.i.d (50 decks)

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