Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

chromosomal theory of inheritance

A

identified chromosomes responsible for genetic inheritance

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2
Q

Elenor carothers

A

first woman to discover independent chromosome assortment in grasshoppers

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3
Q

thomas morgan

A

discovered independent chromosome assortment in fruit flies

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4
Q

linked genes

A

genes positioned closely together on the same chromosomes

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5
Q

homologous recombination:

A

crossing over , rearrangement of chromosomes by genes

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6
Q

inherited disorders

A

abnormal chromosomes disorders

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7
Q

karyotype

A

shows number and appearance of chromosomes, length, and pattern, centromere region, checks for abnormalities

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8
Q

autosomes

A

body chromosomes organized from largest to smallest

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9
Q

down syndrome

A

extra chromosome 21 “trisomy 21”

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10
Q

chromosome number disorder

A

duplicating, losing, changing number in complete sets of chromosomes

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11
Q

nondisjunction

A

homologous chromosome pairs fail to seperate during meiosis and incomplete synapsis

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12
Q

euploid

A

individual w/ appropriate number of chromosomes for their species

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13
Q

aneuploid

A

error in chromosome number

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14
Q

monosomy

A

losing chromosome

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15
Q

trisomy

A

gain of chromosome

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16
Q

polyploidy

A

individual w more than correct number of chromosome sets

17
Q

chromosome inversion

A

detached, 180 degree rotated chromosome , messes up crossing over, reinsertion

18
Q

pericentric

A

reinsertion including centromere

19
Q

paracentric

A

occur outside of centromere

20
Q

translocations

A

chromosomes segment dissociates and reattaches to diff non homologous chromosome