1.2b What was the impact of the Five Year Plans and Collectivisation?

Question 1

What was Gosplan?

Answer 1

State planning authority who set targets for industry

Question 2

What was the main focus of the 1st FYP?

Answer 2

Rapid growth of industry

Question 3

What did the population of Magnitigorsk grow from and to?

Answer 3

From 250 to 250,000

Question 4

What was neglected during the 1st FYP?

Answer 4

Consumer goods

Question 5

In 1933 __% of the workforce were skilled

Answer 5

17

Question 6

What is a shock brigade?

Answer 6

A group of skilled and unskilled workers

Question 7

How many people died building the White Sea Canal, through slave labour?

Answer 7

10,000

Question 8

Why was the White Sea Canal useless anyway?

Answer 8

It was too shallow and was built just to fill a quota

Question 9

What did the need to meet quotas induce under the 1st FYP?

Answer 9

Corruption

Question 10

What was the initial focus of the 2nd and 3rd FYPs?

Answer 10

Consumer goods

Question 11

What did the focus of the 2nd and 3rd FYPs shift to?

Answer 11

Protection from foreign invasion from the Nazis

Question 12

What major thing was built during the 2nd and 3rd FYPs?

Answer 12

Dnieper Dam

Question 13

Where were the factories built and why?

Answer 13

In the East to keep them away from the German side

Question 14

Under the 2nd and 3rd FYPs, there was a __ increase in steel and a __ increase in coal

Answer 14

Steel: 4x
Coal: 6x

Question 15

By what percentage did the economic growth rate increase from the 2nd and 3rd FYPs?

Answer 15

17%

Question 16

What was the overall result of the 2nd and 3rd FYPs?

Answer 16

Chaotic with many resources being wasted

Question 17

What did agricultural collectivisation entail?

Answer 17

merging small farms into larger collectives

Question 18

Why was agricultural collectivisation introduced?

Answer 18

An attempt to industrialise by focusing on agriculture to feed the workers

Question 19

Give 3 main features of agricultural collectivisation

Answer 19

grain requisitioning
Got rid of the mir
Dekulakisation (attempt to liquidate the Kulaks as a class)

Question 20

How many cattle were slaughtered in the kulak grain strike?

Answer 20

26 million

Question 21

In 1932, __% of farms collectivised, in 1937, it was __%

Answer 21

1932 - 62%

1937 - 92%

Question 22

Why did efficiency and yield fall under collectivisation?

Answer 22

Many experienced farmhands were purged

Question 23

What did the USSR still have to rely on embarrassingly?

Answer 23

US imports

Question 24

Potato rations fell by __%

Answer 24

80%

Question 25

How many deaths were caused by the famine in Ukraine?

Answer 25

5 million

Question 26

Collectives were more/less efficient than NEP farms: Collectives ___kg per hectare Private farms ___kg per hectare

Answer 26

Collectives 320kg per hectare | Private farms 410kg per hectare

Question 27

Why was Dekulakisation used?

Answer 27

Because they had a grain strike where they burned their grain and slaughtered their cattle

Question 28

Which country suffered the most losses from WW2?

Answer 28

Russia

Question 29

How many Russians died in WW2?

Answer 29

26 million

Question 30

How many Soviets were left homeless after WW2?

Answer 30

25 million

Question 31

What did the production of Soviet planes rise to during WW2? (industrial success)

Answer 31

94,000

Question 32

What were factories converted into during WW2? (industrial success)

Answer 32

Factories for the production of war munitions like a bicycle factory was turned into a flamethrower factory

Question 33

During WW2, steel production fell by __ tonnes

Answer 33

6 million

Question 34

During WW2, oil fell by _/_

Answer 34

2/5

Question 35

During WW2, grain output fell from ___ to ___

Answer 35

From 90m to 30m

Question 36

Why was agricultural output so low after WW2?

Answer 36

The men were conscripted to fight in the war

Question 37

What was the focus of the 4th FYP?

Answer 37

Rebuilding large industrial plants

Question 38

Was the 4th FYP a success?

Answer 38

A great success in restoring the economy to a pre-war level

Question 39

How did Russia exploit their influence in Eastern Europe?

Answer 39

Took arms out of East Germany

Question 40

How many people did they use in slave labour?

Answer 40

2 million

Question 41

What other labour methods were used in the 4th FYP?

Answer 41

Training programs

Question 42

What was the focus of the 5th FYP?

Answer 42

Further rebuilding from WW2

Question 43

What was the main feature of the 5th FYP?

Answer 43

Stalin’s prestigious projects

Question 44

Name Stalin’s 3 projects

Answer 44

Dnieper Dam White Sea Canal Volga Don Canal

Question 45

What was the accolade of the Dnieper dam?

Answer 45

The biggest Dam in Europe

Question 46

How many died building the White Sea Canal?

Answer 46

10,000