13-14 Flashcards
(57 cards)
Define metals
Most are silver or grey in colour and shiny. Good conductors of electricity and heat. They are also malleable and ductile.
Define non metals
Most are gases. Highly reactive. An element that lacks the characteristics of a metal and is able to form anions, acidic oxides, acids, and stable compounds with hydrogen
Define metalloids
An element whose properties are intermediate between those of metals and solid non metals. They are electrical semiconductors
Define malleable
Able to be hammer or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking
Define ductile
Can be stretched and demeaned without losing toughness; pliable, not brittle
Define inert
Stable and unreactive under specified conditions
Define molecules
A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction
Define period
A set of elements occupying an entire horizontal row in the periodic table
Define group/family
A set of elements occupying a column in the periodic table and having broadly similar properties arising from their similar electronic structure
Define alkali metals
Any of the elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, occupying Group 1 of the periodic table, they are very reactive
Define alkaline earth metals
Any of the elements beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium, occupying group 2 of the periodic table. They are reactive, electropositive, divalent metals, and form basic oxides that react with water to form comparatively insoluble hydroxides
Define noble gases
Any of the gaseous elements helium, neon, Aragon, krypton, xenon, and radon, occupying group 0 (18) of the periodic table. Mostly unreactive.
Define halogens
Any of the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine, occupying group 17 of the periodic table. They are reactive nonmetallic elements that form strongly acidic compounds with hydrogen, from which simple salts can be made.
Define salts
Any chemical compound formed from the reaction of an acid with a base
Define atom
The smallest part of an element that still has the properties of the element
Define energy level
The fixed amount of energy that a system described by quantum mechanics, such as a molecule, atom, electron, or nucleus can have
Define atomic number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table
Define mass number
The total number of proteins and neutrons in a nucleus
Define atomic molar mass
Tells you the number of grams per mole of a compound
Define ionization
The process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons
Define ion
An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons
Define cation
A positive charged ion
Define anion
A negatively charged ion
Define valence electron
An outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed
