1.3

Question 1

Facts about carbon

Answer 1

-carbon atoms are the base of organic molecules
-forms back bones of large complex molecules

Question 2

what type of bonds can carbon form

Answer 2

single, double, and triple bonds

Question 3

what is a hydrocarbon

Answer 3

molecules containing only carbon and hydrogen
can be branched or unbranched

Question 4

what is a functional group

Answer 4

a group of atoms that affect the function of a molecule by participating in chemical reactions

Question 5

Functional groups polar vs non-polar

Answer 5

polar things are involved in the reaction
non-polar things do not interact in the reaction

Question 6

What is a hydroxyl

Answer 6

-C-OH
Major class of molecule = alcohol

Question 7

what is a carbonyl

Answer 7

aldehydes:
-C-C=O
|
H
Ketones:
-C-C=O
|
C

Question 8

What is a carboxyl

Answer 8

-C-COOH
or
=O
-C-C
-OH
Major class of molecule = organic acids

Question 9

What is an amino

Answer 9

-C-NH2
or
–H
-C-N
–H
Major class of molecule = amino acid

Question 10

What is Phosphate

Answer 10

-C-PO4^2
or
O
|
-C-O-P-O-
||
O
Major class of molecule = nucleotides, nucleic acids, many other cellular molecules

Question 11

WHat is a sulfhydryl

Answer 11

-C-SH
Major class of molecule = many cellular molecules

Question 12

What are some characteristics of functional groups

Answer 12

-makes molecules available for cells so they are water soluble
-Carboxy release protons, act as an acid
-Amino (NH2) accept protons, act as weak base
-Phosphate (H3PO4) loses hydrogen act as acid

Question 13

what is DNA

Answer 13

Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA is an acid

Question 14

What is a Dehydration Reaction

Answer 14

H2O removal to create large molecules

Question 15

What is a Hydrolysis Reaction

Answer 15

H2O added as molecules break into small subunits