1.3

Question 1

What is an element

Answer 1

Only 1 type of atom

Question 2

Compounds

Answer 2

More than 1 type or atom bonded together

Question 3

Mixtures

Answer 3

More than 1 type of element/compound not bonded

Question 4

Where is a proton found

Answer 4

In the nucleus

Question 5

Where is a neutron found

Answer 5

Nucleus

Question 6

Where is an electron found

Answer 6

Orbiting the nucleus

Question 7

Charge of proton

Answer 7

+1

Question 8

Charge of neutron

Answer 8

0

Question 9

Charge of electron

Answer 9

-1

Question 10

Mass of proton

Answer 10

1

Question 11

Mass of neutron

Answer 11

1

Question 12

Mass of electron

Answer 12

Almost 0

Question 13

Atoms contain the same number of what?

Answer 13

Protons and electrons

Question 14

What is a molecule

Answer 14

Created when 2 or more atoms are bonded together

Question 15

Ion

Answer 15

Charged

Because it is an atom that has gained/lost an electron

Question 16

Atomic number=

Answer 16

No.of protons

Equals no of electrons

Question 17

Mass number

Answer 17

Number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 18

How do you find the number of neutrons?

Answer 18

Mass no - atomic no

Question 19

Atmosphere

Answer 19

A mixture of gases with different boiling points that can be fractionally distilled to provide new materials for industrial processes

Question 20

What is helium used for

Answer 20

Balloons

Question 21

Argon use

Answer 21

Filament lamp/ electrical discharge tubes

Question 22

Nitrogen use

Answer 22

Ammonia-fertilisers

^ used directly or to make another product

Question 23

How are useful materials removed from the ground?

Answer 23

By mining or quarrying

Question 24

Examples of substances used straight from ground

4

Answer 24

Marble
Gold
Sulphur
Limestone

Question 25

How is rock salt separated?

Answer 25

Filtration and evaporation Salt= soluable Rock is not

Question 26

Use of rock salt

Answer 26

Flavouring food

Question 27

How is crude oil separated?

Answer 27

Fractional distillation | Different sized hydrocarbons will boil at different temps

Question 28

Use of crude oil

Answer 28

Fuels,plastics

Question 29

How are metals more reactive than carbon e.g aluminium extracted by their ores?

Answer 29

Electrolysis of molten compounds. | The use of large amounts of energy in the extraction of these metals makes them expensive

Question 30

Metals less reactive than carbon are extracted from their ores...

Answer 30

Using carbon and carbon monoxide as reducing agents

Question 31

Lead and iron may be made from what? By what?

Answer 31

From their oxides by reduction

Question 32

Extraction of lead

Answer 32

Carbon/carbon monoxide 2PbO+C--->2Pb+CO2 And Pb+CO2

Question 33

Extraction of iron

Answer 33

Iron oxide Fe2O3 And coke (carbon) are heated. The coke burns to produce carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide reacts with the carbon monoxide C+CO2+2CO When heated,iron oxides reacts with carbon monoxide to produce iron. Iron oxide is reduced and carbon monoxide is oxidised Fe2O3 + 3CO ----> 2Fe + 3CO2

Question 34

examples of materials obtained from earth | 4

Answer 34

metals metal ores fossil fuels limestone

Question 35

what is ammonia used for making?

Answer 35

fertilisers

Question 36

what is phytomining used to do

Answer 36

extract metal from contaminated land

Question 37

what is reduction?

Answer 37

the removal of oxygen

Question 38

why can the substances in crude oil be separated by fractional distillation?

Answer 38

they have different boiling points

Question 39

crude oil- fractional distillation

Answer 39

* It is evaporated and its vapours allowed to condense at different temperatures in the fractionating column. * Each fraction contains hydrocarbon molecules with a similar number of carbon atoms.

Question 40

as you go up fractionating column, the hydrocarbons have...

Answer 40

lower boil | lower viscosity

Question 41

what happens to boiling point of hydrocarbons as the number of carbon atoms in the molecule increases?

Answer 41

increases | increases

Question 42

what does the furnace do?

Answer 42

boils the crude oil