13. Attitudes Towards Imperialism

Question 1

What patriotic British song was written in 1902?

Answer 1

Land of Hope and Glory

Question 2

What does Land of Hope and Glory suggest? (Two things)

Answer 2

The belief that Empire should always be expanding
The belief that God wanted the British Empire to be powerful

Question 3

Reaction to imperialism of the press

Answer 3

The press hugely supported imperialism

Question 4

Who did the press portray as national heroes?

Answer 4

The solider, explorers and hunters involved in Empire

Question 5

What increased as a result of increased support for imperialism increase?

Answer 5

Increased racism, stereotypes and rapid judgements towards colonies and people of Empire

Question 6

What political party was the most supportive of imperialism?

Answer 6

Conservative Party

Question 7

Which political party won the khaki election in 1900?

Answer 7

Conservative party

Question 8

What was the imperial objective of the Liberal Party?

Answer 8

For each colony of Empire to be under self-rule

Question 9

What did Liberals aim at with imperialism?

Answer 9

Education and improvement of colonies

Question 10

What did Liberals and the Labour Party prefer in the early 1900s?

Answer 10

They preferred workers freedom ‘through’ Empire raather than ‘from’ Empire

Question 11

What as Empire morally viewed as?

Answer 11

A ‘responsibility’ and a ‘burden’ that God placed on British to bring stability and order to the world

Question 12

What did British Conservative Prime Minister Lord Salisbury want to create?

Answer 12

A stronger and more closely United Empire

Question 13

What did Lord Curzon view Empire as?

Answer 13

A racial duty

Question 14

Quote from Lord Curzon describing Empire

Answer 14

‘Instrument for the good of humanity’

Question 15

What did Lord Milner argue about every man of British birth should feel?

Answer 15

Should feel equally at home in every state of Empire

Question 16

What did high imperialist want?

Answer 16

A stronger Empire ran by white people

Question 17

Why did Chamberlain believe there was a ‘national crisis’ in Britain?

Answer 17

Because industrial and military development of other powers was increasing up and over that of Britain

Question 18

What was the only way to solve the ‘national crisis’ according to Chamberlain?

Answer 18

Reorganisation of Empire

Question 19

What policy did most imperialists favour?

Answer 19

Policy of imperial preference

Question 20

What did Chamberlain believe Empire could provide fundings for?

Answer 20

Welfare reforms

Question 21

Examples of societies and organisations that many imperialist activists were a part of

Answer 21

Royal Colonial Institute
Victoria League
Round Table Movement
Empire Day Movement

Question 22

Purpose of the Royal Colonial Institute

Answer 22

To provide a letting place for those interested in colonial and Indian affairs

Question 23

When was the Royal Colonial Institute founded?

Answer 23

1870

Question 24

When was the Victoria League founded?

Answer 24

1901

Question 25

What was the Victoria League?

Answer 25

Non-political organisation founded by women to promote closer unison between parts of Empire

Question 26

Who was a strong critic of Empire?

Answer 26

Hobson

Question 27

What did Hobson believe imperial expansion had been driven by?

Answer 27

A search for new markets and opportunities for rich British capitalists to make profit

Question 28

What did Hobson believe imperial expansion was?

Answer 28

A ‘capitalist plot’

Question 29

When did most critics of Empire emerge?

Answer 29

In the aftermath of the Second Boer War

Question 30

What were critics of Empire criticising instead of Empire?

Answer 30

The apparent civilising mission of it

Question 31

What report removed Empire’s supposed civilising mission?

Answer 31

Emily Hobhouse’s report about conditions of British concentration camps

Question 32

Quote from Wilfred Blunt (critic of Empire)

Answer 32

“The white man’s burden, Lord, is the burden of his cash”

Question 33

What were most anti-imperialists shadowed by?

Answer 33

Imperial support

Question 34

Which culture emerged in Britain in the late 19th century?

Answer 34

Popular culture

Question 35

What did popular culture celebrate?

Answer 35

Britain’s imperial glory

Question 36

Factors for the emergence of popular enthusiasm for Empire (5)

Answer 36

Spread of education Greater literacy rates Emergence of mass politics (people interested in politics) Organised entertainment Spread of advertising aimed at mass markets

Question 37

Owner of Daily Mail and Daily Mirror

Answer 37

Alfred Harmsworth

Question 38

What were the Daily Mail and Mirror new forms of when they came out?

Answer 38

New forms of newspapers which were much easier to read and full of illustrations

Question 39

Between what years was the ‘golden age’ for newspaper publication?

Answer 39

Between 1890 and 1914

Question 40

What market were the new forms of newspapers aimed at? How did it reach them?

Answer 40

Lower-middle class markets Sold at low prices

Question 41

When did the Daily Mail sell over 1 million copies in a single day?

Answer 41

During the Second Boer War

Question 42

During the Second Boer War, what did the Daisy Mail fill its pages with?

Answer 42

Stories of the war and criticisms for the Boers and Kruger whilst praising horoism of British troops

Question 43

During the early 1900s, who did the Mail focus their attention on? How were they portrayed?

Answer 43

The Germans, portraying them as a military threat to Empire

Question 44

Which poet and writer significantly shaped the attitudes of the British public towards Empire in years before 1914?

Answer 44

Rudyard Kipling

Question 45

Kipling’s views

Answer 45

Had a very religious belief in Empire and the superiority of the ‘British race!

Question 46

How did music increase support for Empire?

Answer 46

Nationalist and imperialist themes were found in music played in music halls, concert halls and churches

Question 47

What type of songs/marches did church choirs and local music groups perform?

Answer 47

Imperial ballads, patriotic hymns and military marches

Question 48

How were imperialist messages spread to the youth?

Answer 48

Through children’s books, youth organisations and schools

Question 49

What produced a new market for books and comics?

Answer 49

Increased literacy

Question 50

How did history and geography books used in state elementary schools increase support for Empire among the youth?

Answer 50

By emphasising glories of Empire and presenting explorers and missionaries as heroes