1.3 blood Flashcards
(52 cards)
1
Q
how to determine the O2 carrying capacity of the RBC
A
determine the time it takes for the blood to sink in a solution
2
Q
what happens if the blood is exposed to air
A
it will be come thick and clot
3
Q
anticoagulant
A
it is added to blood when exposed to air to prevent it from clotting and thickening
4
Q
blood maintains.. (3)
so in conclusion…
A
- body tempt
- blood pH
- water balance
blood sample can he diagnose imbalance in the body
5
Q
what occupies the blood volume the MOST
A
plasma (55%)
6
Q
what occupies the blood the LEAST
A
platelets and WBC (1%)
7
Q
who plays a key role in blood clot
A
platelets
8
Q
what is the role of blood clots
A
- when you cut yourself, platelets forms a blood clots
- the blood clot eventually hardens to form a scab that keep the wound clem and stop blood flow from bleeding out while new replacement skin grows
9
Q
plasma definition (2)
A
- the pale yellow fluid of the blood where cells are suspended
- a particle found in the blood stream that begins the blood-clotting process at the side of the wound
10
Q
WBC definition
A
a colourless blood cells that act to defend the body against diseases and foreign invaders
11
Q
blood components using %
A
plasma (55%)
RBC (45%)
platelets and WBC (1%)
12
Q
RBC is also known as..
A
erythrocytes
13
Q
the MOST numerous type of cell in a blood sample is
A
RBC
14
Q
RBC are solely designed to..
A
transport and deliver O2
15
Q
what is the shape of RBC
A
biconcave
16
Q
biconcave
- definition
- the purpose to the biconcave shape (2)
A
- definition
- the shape of RBC where cells are flat but dip inwards at the centre on both bottom and top
- the purpose to the biconcave shape (2)
1) allows them to slide throughout eh blood vessels with ease
2) provides a large SA to volume ratio for an efficient gas exchange
17
Q
where are RBC produce
A
bone marrow
18
Q
what happens when RBC mature and is released from the bone marrow
A
- the lose they nucleus
19
Q
what does having NO nucleus provide
A
- RBC will have extra room for hemoglobin molecules
20
Q
RBC lacks what…
A
nucleus
21
Q
hemoglobin (2)
A
- an iron containing pigment that binds O2 to facilitate its movement in the circulatory system
- picks up O2
22
Q
what give the RBC and the whole blood sample their colour
A
hemoglobin
23
Q
oxyhemoglobin
A
- a hemoglobin bound with O2 that has a “bright red colour:
24
Q
what is the colour of a oxygenated blood…and what gives it its colour
A
- red
- oxyhemoglobin
25
how RBC picks up and releases O2
1) as RBC through the (R) and (L) lungs
> hemoglobin picks up O2 to form oxyhemglobin = become a oxygenated blood and gains its bright colour
2) O2 rich blood enters the capillaries within the body
> oxyhemoglobin splits to release O2 to the cells and oxyhemoglobin turns into hemoglobin = blood becomes O2 poor then loses it bright colour
26
if blood contains oxyhemoglobin or if the blood is bright red...it means the blood is ...
oxygenated
27
if blood contains hemoglobin it means the blood is and NOT oxyhemoglobin the blood is...
de-oxygenated
28
WBC (3)
- also called "leukocytes"
- much larger in size than RBC
- much lower in number than RBC
29
WBC are proceeded where...
bone marrow
30
what happens when WBC matures and is released from the bone marrow (3)
- WBC keeps their nucleus
- their shape is not uniform (their shape isn't the same)
- lack colour pigment -has no colour=white-
31
WBC life span
much lesser than RBC
32
how WBC reacts during when a disease-causing agents enter the body (1)
- WBC "increase" in there number by...
> releasing the stored WBC from the body
> producing more int he bone marrow
33
an "increase" of the WBC count indicate
an infection signal or a disease-causing agent has entered the body
34
what seals a blood vessel when you've cut yourself..
* protein
| - proteins int he blood forms a plug that seals the damaged blood vessels. The plug that forms is called "Fibrinogen"
35
Fibrinogen
- definition
- what activates fibrinogen
- what happen to fibrinogen when it is activates
- definition
> - a "soluble protein" present int eh blood plasma
- what activates fibrinogen
> platelets
- what happen to fibrinogen when it is activates
> it converts to Fibrin
36
THE CLOTTING PROCESS...
(4)...
look at you're notes
37
what causes platelets to rupture
when they come into contact with a rough surface
38
what happens when the platelets rupture
it will trigger a complex series of chemical reactions hat causes the dissolved Fibrinogen intuits active form called Fibrin
39
what is the active from of Fibrinogen
fibrin
40
scab is formed from what
blood clot
41
blood clot definition
a jelly-like, solid mass consisting mainly a RBC trapped in a knot to Fibrin
42
Fibrin
a thread like "insoluble protein" formed from the Fibrinogen
43
blood clot that is NOT life threatening is during...
when blood clot forms OUTSIDE the blood vessel
44
life threatening blot clots is when.. (2)
- blood clot is formed WITHIN the blood vessels
| - happens during when walls of arteries becomes rough due to high fat diet
45
HEMOPHILIA
- definition (2)
- consequence (2)
- solution to hemophilia
- definition
> a blood disorder involving the bloods ability to clot, which can lead to excessive bleeding
> lacking the ability to produce blood proteins (fibrinogen and fibrin) that allow platelets to form a clot
- consequence (2)
> excessive bleeding
> longer time to heal
- solution to hemophilia
> transfusion of protein clotting factors and platelets
46
PLASMA
- 3 descriptions
- what plasma holds and transports
- 3 descriptions
> yellowish liquid
> mostly H2O with substances dissolved or suspended in it
> more than half of the blood is composed of plasma
- what plasma holds and transports
* cells of the blood : RBC, WBC, platelets
* dissolved CO2
* urea
* hormones
* digested nutrients -from food you ate-
* proteins such as...- fibrinogen and fibrin -
47
what are the cells of the blood
RBC, WBC, platelets
48
when a person loses a lot of blood... what does it need
plasma to restore and replace the lost liquids
49
typical human has how much blood
5L
50
blood consist of...
living AND non-living components
51
hemoglobin allows RBC to...
pick up, carry, and transport O2 to the body cells
52
platelets sole job
- allows damaged blood vessels to repair and repents blood loss by forming blood clot
