13. CIS Clinical Approach to Neurodevelopmental and Attention Disorders Flashcards
(34 cards)
What disability is characterized by deficits in mental abilities such as reasoning, problem solving, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning- which result in impairment of adaptive functioning in communication, social participation, academic/occupational functioning and personal indepedence at home or in community settings?
Intellectual Disability/ Intellectual Developmental Disorder
What diagnosis is used for individuals who are unable to undergo systematic assessments of intellectual functioning: children who are too young for standardized testing, acquired insult during developmental period or severe head injury?
Global Development delay
Intellectual disability is disorder w onset during developmental period that includes intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social and practical domains**, diagnosis involves having the following 3: deficit in intellectual and adaptive function with an onset of?
deficits during developmental period
Adaptive functioning has 3 domains, which domain involves conceptual skills, language/preacademic skills lacking, reading/writing/math lags behind others, adults: skill is typically at elementary level and support is required for work and personal life?
Conceptual Domain
Adaptive functioning has 3 domains, which domain involves difficulty developing same age friends, immature in social interactions, doesnt perceive social cues, communication/conversation are less mature, etc?
Social Domain
Adaptive functioning has 3 domains, which domain involves difficulty with personal care, complex daily living tasks compared to others (grocery shopping/transportation), difficulty making good decisions, need more support making health care decisions and legal ones?
Practical domain
Communication disorders include language DO, speech sound DO, social (pragmatic) communication DO and childhood onset fluency DO (stuttering)- first 3 are characterized by deficits in development and use of language, speech and social communication respectively, communication disorders begin early in life and may produce lifelong?
functional impairments
Assesment of speach language and communication abilities must take into account the individual’s cultural and language?
context
What disorder is difficulties in acquisition and use of language across modalities (spoken, written, sign, other) due to deficits that include reduced vocab, limited sentence structure, and impairment in discourse (ability to use vocab and connect sentences)?
Language disorder
What disorder is difficulty with speech sound production (mechanics such as tongue/vocal cord), preventing verbal communication, causes limitations in effective communication, onset of sx during developmental period, difficulties not attributable to congenital/acquired abnoramlities?
Speech sound disoder
childhood onset fluency disorder is aka as what, which causes speech issues along with anxiety about speaking, onset during developmental?
Stuttering
What communication disorder is difficulties in social use of verbal and nonverbal communication manifested by deficits in using communication for social, impairment of ability to change communication to match contex of situation, difficulties following rules for conversation/storytelling, and understanding what is not explicity stated- deficits result in functional limitation in effective communication*****?
Social-Pragmatic Communication Disorder
Social-Pragmatic Communication Disorder has a primary difficulty with social use of language and communication, MC assoc feature is *delay in reaching language milestones, milder forms of disorder may not be apparent until adolescence when language/social interactions become?
More complex
What disorder is characterized by the following: deficits in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts including deficits in social emotional reciprocity, nonverbal communication, developing/maintaining and understanding relationships, have restricted repetitive pattersn of behavior/interests/activites maniffested by highly restricted fixated interests that are abnormal in intesnity or focus, and *HYPERreactivity to sensory input?
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Severity of autism is based on social communication impairments and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior: level 3-requiring very substantial support, Level 2- requiring substantial support, level 1=?
Requiring support
The most consistently useful behavioral intervention for austism is education and support for parents, siblings, teachers and caregivers, learning about what and learning how to use it is helpful too- which involves joining the pts process and doing it with them? (ex: theyre steering the wheel, grab wheel and do it with them)
Parallel process
Medications for autism include risperidone (causes prolactin issues) and aripiprazole for irritability and agitation, gabapentin and other meds can help.
MEOW
ADHD in children from 8-15- 8.7% met criteria for ADHD, but only 37% had medication treatment during the year, females with ADHA present more commonly with the inattentive subtype than boys do, less disruptive behavior in females with ADHD may contribute to referral bias causing under identification and lack of?
treatment for females with ADHD
Adult ADHD is 4% of the US which is 4/100. Comorbidity is common with mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance disorders and intermittent explosive disorder… More females than males with ADHD received treatment for mental/substance abuse. What is a comorbidity syndrome triad which includes Tics (lasting longer than 1 year), OCD, and ADHD?
Tourette’s Syndrome Triad (conceptual-not diagnosis)
What is a childhood onset characterized by motor and vocal tics that are longer than 1 year, a neuropsychiatric spectrum disorder associated with OCD, ADHD, with boys being more likely to have tics and ADHD while girls are more likely to have OCD?
Tourette’s Syndrome Triad
Note: tics are exacerbated by stimulant meds for ADHD
Executive functioning is the ability to assess a situation, prioitizing what is relevant vs not, filtering out extraneuous information, make a plan how to act, execute the plant, and assess effect of action in a fluid manner, so if someone had problems with these tasks it would be due to a dysfunction within which cortex, primarily due to deficiency of what two NTs?
Prefrontal cortex due to deficiency in dopamine and norepinephrine
The most consistent cross study and cross modality data identifying a region as dysfunctional in ADHD has been identified as the dosal anterior? (daMCC)
Midcingulate Cortex (daMCC)
In diagnosing ADHD, children should have 6 or more and adults over 17 should have 5 or more symptoms including: fails to pay attention to close details, cant sustain attention, does not listen, struggles to follow instructions, difficult with organization, loses things, easily distracted, forgetful… all of these are involved in what type of ADHD?
Inattentive Type
In diagnosing ADHD, children should have 6 or more and adults over 17 should have 5 or more symptoms including: fidgeting, cant remain seated, runs about or climbs excessivly/ restlessness, cant engage in activites quietly, driven by a motor, talks excessively, blurts out answers before questions completed, difficultly waiting turns… all of these are involved in what type of ADHD?
Hyperactive Type
