1.3 - Lipids

Question 1

lipids

Answer 1

hydrocarbons that are insoluble in water

Question 2

fatty acids

Answer 2

long nonpolar hydrocarbon chains with an acidic polar carboxyl group on one end

Question 3

saturated fatty acid

Answer 3

consist of only single bonds between the carbons
chain is straight

Question 4

unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 4

one or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain
chain has kink(s)

Question 5

effect of kinks in the chain

Answer 5

decrease the melting point
increase the fluidity

Question 5

trans fatty acids

Answer 5

have trans double bonds
do not put kinks in the chain
act like saturated fats

Question 6

triglycerides

Answer 6

forms via the condensation reaction between glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 7

phospholipids

Answer 7

amphipathic
polar, hydrophilic head
nonpolar, hydrophobic tail
spontaneously form a bilayer due to hydrophobic effect

Question 8

waxes

Answer 8

saturated, long-chain fatty acid
saturated, long-chain alcohol by an ester linkage

Question 9

steroids

Answer 9

family of lipids distinguished by a bulky, four-ring structure
amphipathic