1.3 MI Study Guide PLTW

Question 1

Pinna

Answer 1

collects sound waves from environments and funnels into the ear canal

Question 2

External auditory canal

Answer 2

funnels sound waves into the eardrum

Question 3

Tympanic membrane

Answer 3

separated the outer ear from the middle ear

Question 4

Stapes

Answer 4

conveys sound vibrations to the bones flat base

Question 5

Oval Window

Answer 5

to transmit sound vibrations from the middle ear to the inner

Question 6

Round Window

Answer 6

releases inner pressure to allow fluid to make in the cochlea and stimulate hair cells in the basilar membrane

Question 7

Ecstachain tube

Answer 7

equalizes air pressure between the atmosphere and the middle ear

Question 8

Cochlea

Answer 8

converts sound waves into electrical impulses that the brain can interpret as sound

Question 9

Auditory Nerve

Answer 9

transmit sound signals from the ear to the brain enabling us to hear

Question 10

Vestibular Coclear Nerve

Answer 10

responsible for special sensations and vestibular portions are involved in balance, spatial sensations, and posture

Question 11

Semicircular Canals

Answer 11

helps maintain balance by detaching rotational head movements

Question 12

Vestibute

Answer 12

presives movement and acceleration so that the body may maintain equilibrium and balance

Question 13

Malleus

Answer 13

transmits sound vibrations from the ear drums to the inner ear

Question 14

Pitch

Answer 14

A sounds highness or lowness and is determined by the frequency of the sound waves that it produces

Question 15

Frequency

Answer 15

the number of times a sound waves repeats itself per second

Question 16

Intensity

Answer 16

The power of sound also known as loudness

Question 17

Amplitude

Answer 17

the height of the wave, and its a measure of how loud or forceful the sound is

Question 18

What is the unit of measurement of frequency?

Answer 18

Hertz

Question 19

What units of measurements for amplitude? How is that measured in?

Answer 19

Decibels, meter and millimeters

Question 20

What happens to the waves as you increase or decrease the amplitude?

Answer 20

Increase: the amplitude increased in energy making the wave “stronger”
Decrease: the amplitude energy decreases and the wave becomes “weaker” and less perceptible

Question 21

How does sound travel through the wave?

Answer 21

Sound travels through the medium by creating a series of compressions and rarefactions

Question 22

Describe the pathway of sound from the time a sound is generated to the time our brain registers the sound. Make sure to include all key structures of the ear in your description.

Answer 22

outer ear (pinna) –> auditory canal–> tympanic membrane (eardrum)–> ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) (middle ear) –> oval window–> cochlea (inner ear)–> hair cells

Question 23

Conductive Hearing Loss

Answer 23

a type of hearing loss caused by problems in the outer/middle ear that prevent sound from being effectively conducted to the inner ear which result in ear infections, fluid buildup, ear wax blockage, and damage to the eardrum or ossicles

Question 24

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Answer 24

a type of hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve, affecting sound processing. It is often due to aging, noise exposure, or genetic factors and is usually permanent.

Question 25

Audiometer

Answer 25

A device used to measure hearing sensitivity by producing various tones at different frequencies and volumes to assess an individual hearing ability

Question 26

Threshold

Answer 26

Threshold refers to the lowest level of sound that a person can hear or detect

Question 27

Audiogram

Answer 27

A visual chart that displays a persons hearing sensitivity across different frequencies, showing the softest sounds they can hear at various pitches

Question 28

Middle Ear

Answer 28

The middle ear is the part of the ear between the eardrum and the inner ear, consisting of the ossicles (tiny bones: malleus, incus, and stapes) that transmit sound vibrations to the inner ear

Question 29

What is done during the Rinne Test?

Answer 29

Using the tuning fork, strike it softly and then hold it behind that patients ear (against the patients bone) and then once stops move to the front of the ear

Question 30

What would a person with normal hearing hear?

Answer 30

Air conduction (behind the ear) would last twice as long as bone conduction (towards the ear)

Question 31

What is does a Speech-in-Noise Test do?

Answer 31

Uses speech as the background noise as a means to reflect real-world listening situations

Question 32

How is the Speech-in-Noise Test preformed?

Answer 32

presents a series of works or sentences to a person as background noise play simultaneously while the test taker needs to repeat what they hear.

Question 33

What does the Pure Tone Test do?

Answer 33

Played a series of beeps at district frequencies and will become softer and softer

Question 34

How is a Pure Tone Test done?

Answer 34

Plays through headphones and the patient is asked to raise their hand if they hear a noise or not

Question 35

Hearing Assistive Technology

Answer 35

These are devices that are used with or without hearing aids or a cochlear implant and helps with people with hearing loss who struggle to differentiate sounds in busy areas

Question 36

Hearing Aids

Answer 36

Hearing aids use the same basic parts to carry sounds from the environment into your ear and make them louder (amplifies sound). There are different kinds of hearing that can target all parts of the ear.

Question 37

Cochlear Implant

Answer 37

A small, Complex electronic device that helps provide a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hear-of-hearing. These implants bypass damaged parts of the ear and stimulate the auditory nerve

Question 38

Surgery

Answer 38

Most surgical procedures are implants that are packed in the ear to replace damaged parts of the ear such as an Ossiculoplasty or a Myringotomy

Question 39

Sign Language (ASL)

Answer 39

Used if any past Interventions fair and is always reliable if someone is diagnosed with severe hearing loss

Question 40

What is the main difference between and Audiologist and an Otolaryngologist?

Answer 40

Audiologists specialize in hearing and balance, while otolaryngologists, also known as ENTs, specialize in the ears, nose, and throat

Question 41

Why would a person with conductive hearing loss hear the tuning fork through bone conduction longer than or equally as long as through air conduction?

Answer 41

With conductive hearing loss lies it in the middle ear, which is bypassed when sound is transmitted through bone conduction, allowing the vibrations to reach the inner ear directly through the skull; whereas air conduction is significantly impeded by the middle ear dysfunction, making the bone conduction sound louder in this case.

Question 42

What is the differnece between Deaf and deaf?

Answer 42

"Deaf" is considered to as a a deaf person who embraces the culture and norms (like a community) and "deaf" is just someone who cant hear

Question 43

What is involved with getting a cochlear implant?

Answer 43

After an evaluation for the surgery must be preformed and the the surgeon makes an incision behind the ear, opens the mastoid bone, and places the implant electrodes in the cochlea. The surgeon also places an internal processor under the skin behind the ear

Question 44

Why are cochlear implants controversial?

Answer 44

Because the time period of which they are allowed to be placed, this has to be done as a child which does not allow for the person to make their own life changing decision.