1.3 Networks Flashcards
(26 cards)
what is data integrity?
The maintenance and consistency of data in a data store. The data store must reflect the reality that it represents.
what is referential integrity?
Referential integrity refers to the accuracy and consistency of data within a relationship in a relational data base.
What is atomicity?
It is one of the set rules to ensure data integrity by making sure A Change to a database is either completely performed or not at all. A half-completed change must not be saved back to the database.
what is consistancy?
It is one of the set rules to ensure data integrity by making sure Any change in the database must retain the overall state of the database
what is isolation?
It is one of the set rules to ensure data integrity by making sure A transaction must not be interrupted by another transaction must occur in isolation so other user or processes cannot access the data concerned.
What is record locking?
It is a method of keeping a transaction to a database uninterrupted by locking the record(s) that are currently being affected by a transaction. Once the transaction is fully complete, the record can be editted by another.
What is Durability?
It is one of the set rules to ensure data integrity by making sure Once a change has been made to a database, it must not be lost due to a system failure. (by storing the database in a secondary or a non-volitile storage option)
what is transaction processing?
Any information processing that is divided into individual, indivisible operations called transactions.
Each one has to succeed or fail as a complete unit - never partially completed.
What does the TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) protocol do?
The TCP protocol provides error-free transmission between two routers.
What does the IP(Internet Protocol) protocol do?
The internet Protocol routes packets across a wide area network.
what does UDP (User Datagram Protocol) do?
It is an alternative to TCP but has no error checking, it is used to send short messages using datagrams, where speed is more important than accuracy.
Has an open two way connection making it ideal for online gaming.
What does HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and HTTPS (Secure) do?
It is a way for a client and server to send and recieve requests and deliver HTML web pages.
HTTPS is the same but it has encryption and authentication, used in websites that have sensitive information like passwords.
What does FTP (File Transfer Protocol) do?
It is a protocol used for sending files between computers, normally on a wide area network.
What does SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) do?
It transfers outgoing emails between servers and from email clients to servers.
What does POP (Post Office Protocol) do?
It retrieves emails from a mail server and transfers them to your device, removing them from the server in the process.
What does IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) do?
It keeps emails on the mail server, maintaining synchronicity between devices.
What are the 4 layers of the TCP stack?
Application
Transport
Internet
Link
What does the Application layer do?
Network Applications such as web browsers or email programs operate at this layer.
What protocols are present in the Application Layer?
FTP, HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, IMAP
What does the Transport layer do in the TCP Stack?
Sets up communication between two hosts - they agree settings such as language and packet size.
What protocols are present in the Transport Layer?
TCP and UDP
What does the internet layer do in the TCP stack?
Addresses and packages data for transmission. Routes packets across the network.
What protocols are in the internet layer of the TCP stack?
IP
What does the Link Layer do in the TCP Stack?
Network hardware and connection port standards. Operating system device drivers also sit here. Facilitates the transmission of binary via any media.
