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Yr11 Double Award Biology > 1.3 Nutrition And Food Tests > Flashcards

1.3 Nutrition And Food Tests Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main nutrients needed in balanced diet

A

Carbohydrate
Fats
Protein
Vitamins
Minerals
Fibre
Water

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2
Q

What are the two types of carbohydrates

A

Simple sugars and complex carbohydrates

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3
Q

Give two examples of simple sugars, what foods they can be found in and what they are needed for

A

Glucose - in soft drinks, sweets.
Lactose - in milk

Used for immediate energy source

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4
Q

What are the 3 main types of complex carbohydrates

A

Cellulose
Starch
Glycogen

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5
Q

What are starch and glycogen used for
Give examples of foods that contain them

A

Starch - energy store in plants
Examples - bread, flour, rice

Glycogen - energy store in animals
Examples - red meat

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6
Q

What is cellulose used for

A

Structural - production of cell wall in plant cells

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7
Q

What elements are carbohydrates made up of

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

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8
Q

What are the building blocks of carbohydrates called

A

Monosaccharides

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9
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins called

A

Amino acids

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10
Q

What elements are found in proteins

A

Carbon.
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

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11
Q

What are proteins needed for

A

Structural - growth and repair of tissues
Functional - produce antibodies and enzymes

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12
Q

What elements are lipids made from

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

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13
Q

What are the building blocks of lipids

A

Fatty acids
Glycerol

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14
Q

What are lipids needed for

A

Energy store

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15
Q

What is the food test for starch

A

Add iodine
Turns yellow brown to blue black

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16
Q

What is the test for glucose or a reducing sugar

A

Add Benedict’s
Heat in water bath

Turns blue to brick red precipitate

17
Q

What is the test for protein

A

Add Biuret (add sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate)
Turns blue to purple

18
Q

What is the test for lipids

A

Add ethanol and water (equal amounts) and shake
Cloudy suspension if lipids are present

19
Q

How to test for energy in foods

A

Add set volume of water in test tube
Record temperature of water
Record mass of food to burn

Light and burn food - hold same distance under boiling tube
WHen finished record final temperature
calculate rise in temperature

20
Q

How do you calculate energy in food

A

Mass of water x Temperature rise x 4.2

then divide by mass of food used

Answer in Joules

21
Q

What are 2 reasons why the energy calculated when burning foods is not the same as the energy given in the nutritional label

A

Some of the energy released is used to heat the surrounding air and the glass of the boiling tube so does not heat up the water

Yr11 Double Award Biology (7 decks)

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