Chapter 8: Memory

Question 1

Describe memory

Answer 1

Set of processes used to encode store and receive information overtime

Question 2

Memory ___ is the input of info into memory system

Answer 2

encoding

Question 3

What are the 2 types of encoding? Describe them

Answer 3

Automatic- encoding w/o conscious awareness
Effortual- encoding that requires work/attention

Question 4

What is the creation of permanent record of info called

Answer 4

Memory storage

Question 5

How many memory system does info pass thru?

Answer 5

3 stages

Question 6

What are the 3 stages info passes thru? (in order)

Answer 6

Sensory, short-term, long-term

Question 7

Describe sensory memory (1st stage)

Answer 7

holds exact copy of info for few seconds

Question 8

Where does valuable information go from the sensory memory?

Answer 8

Short-term memory

Question 9

Describe short-term memory

Answer 9

temporary selective (15-30 sec)
attention controls much of the information that moves onto LTM

Question 10

Short term memory is also called

Answer 10

working memory

Question 11

____ is the repeating of information

Answer 11

Rehearsal

Question 12

Where does rehearsed information stay as long as it is being rehearsed

Answer 12

short-term memory

Question 13

____ is group information together into longer, meaningful units to make them easier

Answer 13

Chunking

Question 14

Describe long-term memory

Answer 14

continuous storage of information

Question 15

What are the 2 subcategories of long-term memory? Describe them

Answer 15

Explicit- episodic, work to remember these things, semantic
Implicit- procedural

Question 16

Memory ___ is the process of getting info out of the LTM

Answer 16

Retrieval

Question 17

What is the difference between Recall and Recognition?

Answer 17

Recall- access to information w/o clues
Recognition- Identifying information you previously learned

Question 18

What does the Serial Position Effect state?

Answer 18

We better recall information at the beginning and end of list than information in the middle

Question 19

What does Context Dependent Learning mean?

Answer 19

We remember better when we recall information better in the same context or place we learned it

Question 20

_____ ____ are exceptionally clear recollections of important events

Answer 20

Flashbulb Memories

Question 21

What are some problems with memory?

Answer 21

False memories can be implanted, wording can change the answer to a question (Eyewitness Testimony) Information can be forgotten after 20 minutes, False Memories, Encoding Failure ( details are not remembered about object/ interaction)

Question 22

Forgetting is caused by what?

Answer 22

Retrieval Failure

Question 23

What does the Decay Theory state?

Answer 23

Some memories decay while others do not

Question 24

The process of transferring info from the STM to LTM is called

Answer 24

consolidation

Question 25

What part of the brain was removed from H.M? What happened as a cause of this?

Answer 25

Hippocampus, he lost the ability to make new memories and was stuck in 1953