ADR's & Interactions Flashcards
definition
adverse drug reactions
unwanted and noxious reaction to a drug that has been given at correct dose and indication
Definition
adverse drug effects
unwanted drug effect that occurs via different physiological route to desred theraputic effect
Definition
drug-drug interactions
alteration of a drugs pharamcological effect due presence of another drug, may increaase or decrease therapeutic effect
ABCDE
adverse drug reactions
A. Augmented
B. Bizarre
C. Chronic
D. Delayed
E. End of Treatment
ADR
Augmented + e.g.
-predictable and dose dependant
-can be avoided by reducing dose
e.g. constipation in opiods
ADR
Bizarre + e.g.
-not pharmacologically predictable
-not dose dependant
e.g. anaphylaxis to antibiotics
ADR
Chronic + e.g.
-long term use leads to toxic response or development of new pathophysiology
e.g. tolerance or stomach ulcer in NSAIDs
ADR
Delayed + e.g.
- does not develop during course of drug
e.g. teratogenic effects of medications causing birth defects
Adverse Drug Reactions
End of Treatment + e.g.
- withdrawal symptoms from stopping treatment
e.g. tachycardia from stopping beta-blockers
Pharmacodynamics
Definition
Synergism
when two drugs combine to increase therapeutic effect
Pharmacodynamics
Definition
Summation
two drugs are combined and effects are additive
e.g. 1+1=2
Pharmacodynamics
Definition
Potentiation
two drugs are combined and the effect are greater than additive
e.g. 1+1=3
