UNIT 3 ➜ SAC 1 - Skill Acquisition and Biomechanics Flashcards
a) What are Open skills?
b) What are Closed skills?
a) Skills performed in a less predictable enviro. where the conditions are constantly changing and the performer has limited control over
their enviro.
b) Skills performed in surroundings where
the performer has the greatest control over the performance enviro.
a) What are Continuous skills?
b) What are Discrete skills?
c) What are Serial skills?
a) 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐨𝐮𝐬: Have no clear beginning and end (e.g. Running)
b) 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐫𝐞𝐭𝐞: Have a clear beginning and end (e.g. Netball pass)
c) 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥: When several discrete skills are performed in a sequence (e.g. Gymnastics floor routine)
a) What are Gross motor skills?
b) What are Fine motor skills?
a) Skills that involve using large muscle groups, and place less emphasis on precision (e.g. Running)
b) Skills that involve using smaller muscles for precise movements (e.g. Dart throwing)
a) What are Fundamental skills?
b) What are Sports-specific skills?
a) Foundation skills that provide the basis for developing sports-specific motor skills (e.g. Running, Catching, Throwing)
b) Skills that utilise a range of fundamental skills and are needed to play a specific sport (e.g. Footy - handball, marking etc.)
a) What is Massed practice?
b) What is Distributed practice?
a) Having longer but less frequent training sessions
b) Having shorter but more frequent training sessions
a) What is Blocked practice?
b) What is Random practice?
a) Practising the same skill continually without changing to a different task
b) The varied sequencing of different motor skills in the same training session
What are the 3 stages of Learning AND provide 2 characteristics of each stage
- Cognitive
◦ Trying to understand/comprehend the skill
◦ Rely heavily on feedback - Associative
◦ Beginning to refine their technique
◦ More consistent: make fewer errors - Autonomous
◦ Player can detect + correct their errors
◦ Focus on tactics & game-play scenarios
a) What is Intrinsic feedback?
b) What are the 4 types of Intrinsic feedback?
a) Internal feedback
b)
◦ 𝐕𝐢𝐬𝐮𝐚𝐥 (what the player can see)
◦ 𝐀𝐮𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 (what the player can hear)
◦ 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 (through internal receptors - e.g. feel yourself overstretching muscles)
◦ 𝐓𝐨𝐮𝐜𝐡 (through skin receptors)
a) What is Augmented feedback?
b) What are the 2 types of Augmented feedback?
a) External feedback - from other people (e.g. coaches)
b)
𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐬: The specific outcome of the performance - success or failure
𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞: The characteristics of the performance - reasons for success or failure
List the 6 Sociocultural factors that can influence skill development
◦ Family
◦ Peers
◦ Gender
◦ SES
◦ Community
◦ Cultural beliefs and Traditions
Outline the 4 steps of Qualitative Movement Analysis
- Preparation
𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐞 𝐚 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐟𝐮𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐤𝐢𝐥𝐥 - 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐞𝐝 + 𝐰𝐡𝐲? - Observation
𝐖𝐚𝐭𝐜𝐡 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐲𝐞𝐫 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐤𝐢𝐥𝐥 (𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐨𝐫 𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐞𝐝) - Evaluation
𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐥𝐞𝐦 - 𝐰𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐜𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐢𝐭 + 𝐡𝐨𝐰 𝐭𝐨 𝐚𝐝𝐝𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐢𝐭 (𝐞.𝐠. 𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐞 𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐜𝐤𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐬, 𝐝𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐩 𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚) - Error correction
𝐖𝐞𝐚𝐤𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐞𝐝 - 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐩 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐲𝐞𝐫 𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐞/𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭
What is the difference between Direct and Constraints-based coaching?
Direct: The coach makes all the decisions and controls the session/drills
Constraints-based: Using boundaries or placing restrictions on the learner during the session
List the 3 types of Constraints AND provide 3 examples of each type
Individual
◦ Body size (height, weight)
◦ Fitness level
◦ Mental skills (concentration, confidence)
Environmental - Physical and Social/Cultural
◦ Weather conditions
◦ Family support networks
◦ Societal expectations (e.g. Vic - AFL, NSW - Rugby)
Task
◦ Rules of the sport
◦ Equipment
◦ Field/court dimensions
Define Force (including its formula)
Define Torque (including its formula)
A push or pull action acting on an object.
Force = Mass x Acceleration
The measure of the force that causes an object to rotate about an axis
Torque = force x lever arm
What is Friction?
A force that acts in the opposite direction to motion when 2 surfaces are in contact with one another
Increased/more friction = Greater control, less chance of slipping
Decreased/less friction = Less control, higher chance of slipping
