Caffeine

Question 1

the sources of caffeine (just the names, there will be no detailed
questions about the sources)

Answer 1

coffee, tea, chocolate, pop, energy drinks/gum, over the counter analgesics /stimulants

cold meds, WL aids, allergy relief, respiratory stimulants for babies and asthma

Question 2

distribution featrues (3)

Answer 2

reaches all organs,

10-30% is bound to protein and trapped in circulatory system

present in all fluids

Question 3

elimination features

Answer 3

1% is excreted unchanged
99% metabolized in liver

1/2 life: 5 hours

A gene = rapid metabolizer
F gene= slow metabolizers (more effect with caffeine)

Question 4

pharm actions

Answer 4

adenosine receptor blocker (a1 - A2 receptors)

adenosine blocked by caffeine (this produces sleepiness)
- adenosine blocks glutamate –> glutamate runs free

increse dopamine release
increase NE

caffeine + alc –> reduces sedation with alcohol (more alert, less drunk)

Question 5

fx on human behavour

3 things

muscles?

reduces _____ by __%

Answer 5

riging ears, fliashing light, delerium/excitement

smooth muscles relax (decrease airway resistance)
striate muscles increase in strength

caffeine reduces cerebral BF by 30%
- releives headaches

Question 6

caffeine use disorder

Answer 6

maybe

caffeine intoxication

Question 7

tolerance

Answer 7

yes with sleep, cardiovascular effects
- tolerance disappears within a week

no with urination

convulsions/spontaneous motor activity = reverse tolerance

Question 8

symptoms, onset, and duration of withdrawal

Answer 8

symptoms: classic
onset: 12-28 hours since last caffeine intake
duration: last 2-9 days but headaches can persist to up to 3 weeks

Question 9

high densities in

mod densities in

Answer 9

the hippo, cerebelum, cerebral cortex, certain thalamic nuclei,

the SN, neostriatum, VTA, NA,