W5. Isolation of the operating field

Question 1

I. Isolation
1. Why do we need isolation?

Answer 1

1. We need for adequate control over the operating field
2. Moisture control
   - Saliva
   - Cervicular fluid
   - Blood
   - Different micro-organisms
   - Water vapour of the expiration
3. Accessibility and visibility
   - Retract the soft tissues (lips, cheeks, gingiva, tongue)

Question 2

I. Isolation
2. What are the 2 types of the isolation?

Answer 2

1. Relative isolation
2. Absolute isolation (Rubber dam)

Question 3

II. Relative isolation
1. What does relative isolation mean?

Answer 3

We can protect the operating field only from the saliva, but we can’t protect from the other unbenfical materials (blood, cervicular fluid, water vapour of the expiration)

Question 4

II. Relative isolation
2. What are the Instruments of the relative isolation?

Answer 4

1. cotton rolls, parotis rolls
2. saliva ejector
3. High volume evacuator (exhaustor)
4. cotton roll holders
5. lip retractors

Question 5

II. Relative isolation
3A. How do we place cotton rolls on upper arch?

Answer 5

cotton roll next to the prepared tooth in the buccal vestibulum near the parotid duct (Stensen’s duct)

Question 6

II. Relative isolation
3b. How do we place cotton rolls on lower arch?

Answer 6

cotton rolls next to the prepared tooth both on the lingual and buccal side and one in the upper buccal vestibulum near the parotid duct

Question 7

II. Relative isolation
4. How do we place parotis rolls?

Answer 7

1. For isolation in maxillary anterior area:
   Small sized rolls are placed on either side of labial frenulum
2. For isolation in mandibular anterior area:
   Small sized rolls are placed on either side of mandibular labial frenulum and next to the tongue

Question 8

II. Relative isolation
5A. Which materials can cotton roll holder be?

Answer 8

Metal or plastic

Question 9

II. Relative isolation
5B. How can cotton roll holder be placed?

Answer 9

Cotton rolls can be placed into position and stabilized with cotton roll holders.

Question 10

II. Relative isolation
5C. What are the advantages of cotton roll holder?

Answer 10

1. Provide slightly more retraction
2. Better accessibility and visibility

Question 11

II. Relative isolation
5D. What are the disadvantages of cotton roll holder?

Answer 11

1. We have to remove them from the mouth for changing cotton rolls
2. Time consuming

Question 12

II. Relative isolation
5E. What is this?

Answer 12

Bányai’s cotton roll holder

Question 13

II. Relative isolation
6. What is the precaution of cotton rolls?

Answer 13

Moisten the cotton rolls before removing to prevent inadvertent removal of epithelium from cheeks, floor of mouth or lips

Question 14

II. Relative isolation
7A. What is this?

Answer 14

High-volume (velocity) evacuator (HVE) tip- EXHAUSTOR

Question 15

II. Relative isolation
7B. What are the 2 types of High-volume (velocity) evacuator (HVE) tip- EXHAUSTOR?

Answer 15

1. Metal (autoclavable tips)
2. Plastic (disposable)

Question 16

II. Relative isolation
7C. What are the advantages of High-volume (velocity) evacuator (HVE) tip- EXHAUSTOR?

Answer 16

1. To evacuate large volumes of fluid and debris from the oral cavity
2. Toxic material is readily removed
3. Decreases treatment time (no need for washing and rinsing)

Question 17

II. Relative isolation
8A. What is this?

Answer 17

Low-volume (velocity) evacuator- saliva ejector tip

Question 18

II. Relative isolation
8B. What are the 2 types of Low-volume (velocity) evacuator- saliva ejector tip?

Answer 18

1. Metal (autoclavable)
2. Plastic (disposable)-for single use only

Question 19

II. Relative isolation
8C. What is the function of Low-volume (velocity) evacuator- saliva ejector tip?

Answer 19

for evacuate smaller volumes of fluid from the oral cavity

Question 20

II. Relative isolation
8D. What is the function of Low-volume (velocity) evacuator- saliva ejector tip?

Answer 20

1. Can be bent for placement under tongue and in other areas of mouth
2. Tip should be placed on the floor of the mouth, directed backwords and not directly contact with the soft tissues (slight upward curvature)

Question 21

II. Relative isolation
9. What are the characteristics of Lip and Cheek Retractors?

Answer 21

1. Offer excellent accessibility to an enlarged field.
2. Ideal for restorative, ortho, cosmetic, and whitening procedures, as well as for periodontal treatment and photography.
3. Soft, flexible, Evoprene® material offers three-dimensional flexibility

Question 22

II. Relative isolation
10. What are the characteristics of saliva absorbent pad?

Answer 22

1. saliva absorbent pad, cheek retraction
2. its new inner core traps moisture quickly, helping to provide a superior dry field.