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(Q3) BE - ANA 102 > NERVE IMPULSE > Flashcards

NERVE IMPULSE Flashcards

1
Q

Three functions of the nervous system

A

Sensory input, integration, motor output

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2
Q

Resemble neurons but are unable to conduct nerve impulses. They nourish, insulate, and protect the neuron

A

Neuroglia (supporting cells)

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3
Q

Responsible for impulse conduction. these cells are specialized to transmit messages

A

Neuron

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4
Q

True or false. Neurons can undergo mitosis.

A

False. Once they are damaged, they cannot be replaced

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5
Q

the metabolic center of the neuron

A

Cell body

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6
Q

intermediate filaments that maintain cell shape, and is made up of protein

A

Neurofibrils

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7
Q

Also known as the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the cell body

A

nissl bodies

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8
Q

shorter and finer extensions that communicates with another neuron. it conducts impulses toward the cell body

A

Dendrites

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9
Q

conduct impulses away from the cell body

A

Axons

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10
Q

gap between axon terminals and the next neuron

A

Synaptic cleft

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11
Q

Axons end with what structure?

A

Axon terminals

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12
Q

functional junction between nerves where a nerve impulse is transmitted

A

Synapse

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13
Q

ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it to a nerve impulse

A

Irritability

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14
Q

ability to transmit the impulse to other neurons, muscles, or glands

A

Conductivity

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15
Q

Kind of impulse that changes in polarity within a cell

A

Electrical impulse

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16
Q

Kind of impulse that is produced by neurotransmitter

A

Chemical impulse

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17
Q

Cellular transport that does not require ATP, it relies on concentration gradient and moves from high to low in order to achieve balance

A

Passive transport

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18
Q

Sodium-Potassium pump that requires ATP

A

Active transport

19
Q

When the plasma membrane is inactive, it means that it is ___?

A

Polarized

20
Q

When polarized, the major positive ion inside the cell is?

A

Potassium (k+)

21
Q

The major positive ion outside the cell when the plasma membrane is inactive is?

A

Sodium (Na+)

22
Q

what changes the permeability of the neuron’s membrane to sodium ions?

A

Stimulus

23
Q

The inward rush of sodium ions causing the change the polarity is called?

A

Depolarization

24
Q

Fibers with ___ conduct nerve impulses more quickly

A

Myelin sheaths

25
Q

it means the nerve impulse either is propagated or not

A

All-or-none response

26
Q

involves restoring the inside of the membrane to a negative charge and the other surface to a positive charge

A

Repolarization

27
Q

True or false. Until repolarization is complete, a neuron cannot conduct another nerve impulse

A

True

28
Q

An action potential is generated due to an influx of?

A

Sodium

29
Q

When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, what channels open?

A

Calcium channels

30
Q

Calcium enters the cell and mobilizes ___?

A

Vesicles

31
Q

The vesicles release this chemical to change the permeability of the membrane allowing the sodium ions to enter the cell

A

Acetylcholine

32
Q

Acetylcholine is released through what process?

A

Exocytosis

33
Q

Calcium will bind to ___, allowing muscle contraction to happen

A

Myosin binding complex

34
Q

type of neuron that carries impulses from the sensory receptors to the CNS

A

Sensory / afferent neurons

35
Q

Type of neuron that carries impulses from the central nervous system to viscera and/or muscles and glands

A

Motor / efferent neurons

36
Q

Connect sensory and motor neurons

A

Interneurons

37
Q

rapid, predictable, and involuntary responses to stimuli

A

Reflexes

38
Q

involuntary reflexes that stimulate the skeletal muscles.

A

Somatic reflexes

39
Q

Regulate the activity of smooth muscles, the heart, and gland

A

Autonomic reflexes

40
Q

Patellar (knee-jerk) reflex is an example of two-neuron or three-neuron reflex arc?

A

Two-neuron

41
Q

Three-neuron reflex arcs consist of how many elements?

A

Five (receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, and effector)

42
Q

Reflexes occur over neural pathways called the?

A

Reflex arc

43
Q

These neurons can be found in the cutaneous sense organs in skin

A

Sensory / afferent neurons

44
Q

Initial conditions of sodium and potassium ions are restored using the?

A

Sodium-potassium pump

(Q3) BE - ANA 102 (5 decks)

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