Lecture 3-A (Crop Science)

Question 1

CROP SCIENCE

Answer 1

discipline dealing with the scientific approaches to improve the quality of crops and their management for more economical production

Question 2

TWO BRANCHES OF CROP SCIENCE

Answer 2

1) agronomy
2) horticulture

Question 3

AGRONOMY

Answer 3

1) came from greek word ‘agros’ meaning field and ‘nomos’ meaning to manage
2) deals with the principles and practices of managing field crops and soils

Question 4

HORTICULTURE

Answer 4

1) latin words ‘hortus’ - garden, derived from the Anglo-saxon word gyrdan (to enclose) and colore (to cultivate)
2) concepts of gardens or plants within an enclosure is distinct from the culture of field crops
3) implies a more intensive cultivation of crops as contrasted to the extensive cultivation of field crops

Question 5

AGRONOMIC CROPS

Answer 5

1) cereals, grain, legumes, forages, sugarcane
2) less diversity/unit area
3) extensive management
4) low income/unit area
5) limited adaptation
6) eaten as staples
7) low aesthetic value
8) less compatibility to cropping systems

Question 6

HORTICULTURAL CROPS

Answer 6

1) vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, plantation crops
2) more diversity/unit area
3) intensive management
4) high income/unit area
5) wide adaptation
6) eaten with staples
7) high aesthetic value
8) high compatibility to cropping systems

Question 7

CONTRIBUTION OF RELATED SCIENCES TO CROP PRODUCTION

Answer 7

1) crop breeding/genetics (improvement of heritable properties of crops)
2) botany (plant structure, processes and relationship)
3) soil science (soil fertility and management)
4) plant pathology/entomology (pests and their management)
5) agricultural engineering (structures/machineries; water management; crop processing; waste management)
6) agricultural economics ( production and marketing)
7) agrometeorology (weather forecasting)

Question 8

DEVELOPMENT OF CROP SCIENCE

Answer 8

1) traditional
2) scientific
3) establishment of agricultural colleges and universities
4) establishment of agricultural research institutions for both national and international

Question 9

NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS

Answer 9

1) PhilRice (Philippine Rice Institute)
2) PCA (Philippine Coconut Authority)
3) SRA (Sugar Regulatory Administration)
4) NTA (National Tobacco Administration)
5) NARC (National Abaca Research Center)
6) PhilFIDA (Philippine Fiber Industry and Development Authority)
7) PhilRoots (Philippines Root Crops Research and Training Center)
8) NPRCRTC (Northern Philippines Root Crops Research and Training Center)

Question 10

INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTERS

Answer 10

1) IRRI (International Rice Research Institute)
2) CIMMYT (Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maize y Trigo)
3) CIP (Centro de Internacional de Patatas)
4) ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas)
5) CIAT (Centro Internacional de Agricultural Tropical)
6) IITA (International Institute for Tropical Agriculture)
7) Bioversity International
8) ICRISAT (International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics)

Question 11

CENTERS OF PRODUCTION OF MAJOR CROPS

Answer 11

1) rice (Central and Southern Luzon, Western Visayas)
2) corn (Ilocos region, Mindanao)
3) coconut (Laguna, Quezon, Nueva Viscaya, Mindanao)
4) Pineapple (Cavite, Laguna, Mindanao)
5) Banana (Mindanao, Southern Tagalog)