Types of Pneumonia

Question 1

Who is typically affected by mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Answer 1

Younger patients

Question 2

What type of pnuemonia is mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Answer 2

Atypical pneumonia

Question 3

How can mycoplasma pneumoniae present?

Answer 3

Flu like symptoms
Arthralgia
Myalgia
Dry cough
Headache

Question 4

What are the possible complications of mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Answer 4

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia**
Erythema multiforme
Meningoencephalitis
Guillain-Barre syndrome

Question 5

What are the 2 main complcations of mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Answer 5

Erythema multiforme
Cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Question 6

What can be seen on an x-ray of someone with mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Answer 6

Bilateral consolidation

Question 7

How can mycoplasma pneumoniae be diagnosed?

Answer 7

Mycoplasma serology

Question 8

What can be used in the management of mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Answer 8

doxycycline or a macrolide (e.g. erythromycin/ clarithromycin)

Question 9

How can the erythema multiforme rash be described in soemone with mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Answer 9

Varying sized “target lesions” formed by pink rings with pale centres

Question 10

What part of the lung is affected by klebsiella pneumonia?

Answer 10

Upper lobes resulting in a cavitating pneumonia

Question 11

How can klebsiella pneumonia present?

Answer 11

Red current jelly sputum

Question 12

What is klebsiella pneumonia caused by?

Answer 12

Gram-negative anaerobic rod.

Question 13

What is there an increased risk of with klebsiella pneumonia?

Answer 13

Increased risk of developing complications including empyema, lung abscesses and pleural adhesions.

Question 14

Who is more at risk of klebsiella pneumonia?

Answer 14

People with weakened immune systems
–Elderly
–Alcoholics
–Diabetics

Question 15

Who else could be at risk for klebsiella pneumonia?

Answer 15

Malignancy
COPD
Long term steroid use
Renal failure

Question 16

What can be used in the diagnosis of mycoplasm pneumonia?

Answer 16

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 17

Who does staphylococcal pneumonia typically affect?

Answer 17

After influenza infection ***

IVDU
Elderly
Patients who already have an influenza infection.

Question 18

What does staphylococcal pneumonai typically occur after?

Answer 18

Influenza virus

Question 19

What does staphylococcal pneumonia cause?

Answer 19

Bilateral cavitating bronchopneumonia

Question 20

What is legionella pneumonia associated with?

Answer 20

Legionnaire’s disease

Question 21

How can legionella pneumonia present?

Answer 21

Fever
Myalgia and malaise
followed by dyspnoea and a dry cough

Question 22

What would you look for in blood tests of someone with legionella pneumonia?

Answer 22

Hyponatraemia and deranged LFTs

Question 23

What would you find in the urine of someoen with legionella pneumonia?

Answer 23

Legionella antigen may be present in the urine

Question 24

In who does pneumcytis pneumonia occur?

Answer 24

immunosuppressed (malignancy or chemotherapy)
or
HIV positive

Question 25

What is pnemocystis pneumonia caused by?

Answer 25

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 26

What s pneumocystis jiroveci?

Answer 26

Fungus

Question 27

1. What increases the risk of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients with HIV?

Answer 27

HIV-positive the risk of PCP increases when the CD4+ <200 cells/uL.

Question 28

What are the main symptoms of pneumocystic jiroveci pneumonia?

Answer 28

Exertional dyspnoea
Dry cough
Fever