Chapter 22

Question 1

Endocrine System

Answer 1

A system of ductless glands that produce hormones

Question 2

Hormones

Answer 2

Chemical messengers that regulate body activity

Question 3

Pituitary Gland

Answer 3

A tiny endocrine gland at the base of the brain that controls many other endocrine glands

Question 4

Growth Hormone

Answer 4

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates tissue growth

Question 5

Thyroid Gland

Answer 5

An endocrine gland in front of the trachea that secretes thyroxin

Question 6

Thyroxin

Answer 6

The hormone produced by the thyroid gland which regulates metabolism

Question 7

Simple Goiter

Answer 7

A swelling of the thyroid gland, often caused by iodine proficiency

Question 8

Islands of Langerhans

Answer 8

Patches of tissue in the pancreas that produce insulin and glucagon

Question 9

Glucagon

Answer 9

A hormone made in the pancreas which allows the absorption of glucose from the blood into the cells

Question 10

Diabetes

Answer 10

A disease in which the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, causing high glucose levels in the blood but glucose deficiency in cells

Question 11

Adrenal Glands

Answer 11

Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys which produce cortisol and adrenalin

Question 12

Cortisol

Answer 12

A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates sugar metabolism and reduces inflammation and allergic reactions

Question 13

Adrenalin

Answer 13

A hormone produced by the adrenal medulla that prepares the body for emergencies