Mali (Why TNCs wont move in)

Question 1

What are the main physical restrictions that hold back Mali’s development?

Answer 1

It is landlocked;
The North of the country is mostly desert, while the south is all fertile savannah;
Most of Mali’s population partake in Subsistence Agriculture;

Question 2

What are the Political Restrictions that hold back Mali’s development?

Answer 2

Corruption;
It is a secular country;
Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) control Timbuktu;
A coup D’etat occurred in March 2012;
ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States) sent in 3000 troops;

Overall, Mali is unstable

Question 3

What are the economic restrictions that hold back Mali’s development?

Answer 3

64% of the population live below the poverty line.
AQIM placed a ban on visiting historical shrines in Timbuktu (which means no more tourism)
Gold mining is the main export.

Question 4

What are the social restrictions that hold back Mali’s development?

Answer 4

Food shortages encourage the anger and extremism;
Extremely high infant mortality rate (60.2 deaths per 1000 live births);
This is due to high malnutrition;
37000 refugees had to flee into Burkina Faso;
The main language is french, yet conflict drove the Hoteliers back to France (Again less tourism).

Question 5

What are the technological restrictions that hold back Mali’s development?

Answer 5

Mali has little shelter;
Poor quality roads;
Lack of hospitals and healthcare;
Poor water quality, and little water access (it depends on the River Niger)

Question 6

Which factors are really unattractive for TNCs?

Answer 6

It has a scattered 20 million population;
It has a poor education system with a literacy rate of 35.5% as of 2019;
There are extremist groups and large political threats;
generally unstable.