7. Burns (Scalds)/Explosion (Blast) - ABCDE

Question 1

Person on Fire

Answer 1

Tell them to stop running, drop to ground, cover face, roll around. If water is available, douse them with it immediately until fire is completely out. (Water not available) Get a blanket, rug, or large jacket and use it to wrap their body and smother the flames –> Return to Sequence

Question 2

Difficulty speaking between breaths

Answer 2

Described as:
* Unable to complete a full sentence w/o taking a breath
* Only able to speak a few words w/o taking a breath
* Breathing attempts that severely hinder crying in infants and small children

Question 3

Significant Facial Burns

Answer 3

A burn to the face caused by explosion, fire, or gases

Question 4

Minor Burns

Answer 4

A burn (usually ≤ hand size) that is clearly trivial, non-threatening, and is not a cause of immediate concern

Question 5

Non-Recent

Answer 5

Six hours or more have passed since the incident or injury occurred (w/o priority symptoms)

Question 6

Problem Suffixes

Answer 6

E: Explosion
F: Fire present
W: Fireworks

Question 7

Rule of Nines

Answer 7

Useful in estimating the percentage of body surface burned. In the adult, areas of the body can be approximately divided into portions that are multiples of 9%. In the infant, relatively more area is taken up by the head and less by the legs. (Adult ≥ 1 yr, Infant < 1 yr)

Question 8

Rule 1

Answer 8

Use RULE OF NINES to determine the approximate size of the burn for response assignment purposes

Question 9

Rule 2

Answer 9

Relay to responders a simple description of burned areas, not the RULE OF NINES percentage. A description is the more useful form of information.

Question 10

Rule 3

Answer 10

All electrical burns are considered to be worse than they look externally.

Question 11

Rule 4

Answer 11

Consider the type of location, along with the building type, when processing explosion incidents. The type of location may indicate a deliberate terrorist act has occurred.

Question 12

Axiom 1

Answer 12

Pediatric patients or patients with large burns may develop hypothermia when exposed to prolonged cooling with water.

Question 13

Axiom 2

Answer 13

Use caution when cooling burns in cold climates or in areas with prolonged response times.

Question 14

Axiom 3

Answer 14

Most scene care for burn patients is supportive and compassionate

Question 15

Axiom 4

Answer 15

Explosions may occur as the result of a bomb or because of non-intentional event such as gas leak with an ignition source

Question 16

First Law of Burns

Answer 16

If someone was burned, something might be burning

Question 17

Burn Categories

Answer 17

• Full thickness (3rd degree): All skin layers
• Partial thickness (2nd degree): Blistering
• Superficial (1st degree): Reddening, sunburn