7. Solutions and Solubility Flashcards
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its identity.
What is a homogeneous misture?
A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout.
What is a heterogenous mixture?
A heterogeneous mixture is simply any mixture that is not uniform in composition - it’s a non-uniform mixture of smaller constituent parts.
Solution
a homogenous mixture of two or more substances.
Define miscible liquids.
Liquids that mix together are called miscible liquids.
Define miscible liquids.
Liquids that do not mix e.g Oil and water.
What is a solute?
The substance that is dissolved.
What is a solvent?
A Solvent is the medium which dissolves the solute.
Define Solubility
The maximum amount if material that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature to produce a stable solution.
When is a mixture said to be saturated?
When the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved the solution is saturated.
What is the rule of solubility?
In general polar substances dissolve easily in polar solvents, and non-polar substances dissolve in non-polar solvents. Many ionic compounds are also soluble in polar solvents. It is often stated that “Like dissolves like” or solutes with similar intermolecular forces will dissolve in solvents of similar intermolecular forces.
When will a solute dissolve?
A solute will dissolve into a solvent if the forces of attraction between the solute
and the solvent is strong enough to overcome the forces of attraction holding the
solute together. An example of this is salt (NaCl) in water.
