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CPH > Community Organizing, Health Education & Health Promotion > Flashcards

Community Organizing, Health Education & Health Promotion Flashcards

1
Q

from the word commune (french) and gemeinshaft (german)

A

community

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2
Q

A social group determined by geographic
boundaries and/or common values and interests

A

community

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3
Q

Members know and interact with each other

A

community

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4
Q

Functions within a particular social structure and
exhibits and creates norms, values and social institutions

A

community

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5
Q

3 categories of community

A
  • geographic communities
  • communities of interest
  • virtual communities
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6
Q

communities that share physical space

A

geographic communities

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7
Q

communities where there should be a feeling or sense of “belonging” and hold at least some values and symbols in common.

A

geographic communities

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8
Q

communities where residents come in
contact with each other through proximity, instead of intent.

A

geographic communities

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9
Q

Sometimes referred to as “communities within
communities”

A

communities of interest

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10
Q

community where members choose to associate with each other based on common interests or shared concerns

A

communities of interest

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11
Q

example of communities of interest

A
  • ethnic groups
  • low income groups
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12
Q

Groups of people primarily interacting through
communication media instead of face to face.

A

virtual communities

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13
Q

are “social aggregations that emerge from the Net when people carry on public discussions, long enough, with sufficient human feeling, to form webs of personal relationships.

A

online communities/ virtual communities

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14
Q

The process of building power through involving a constituency in identifying problems they share and the solutions to those problems that they desire

A

community organizing

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15
Q

A process by which community groups are helped to identify common problems or change targets, mobilize resources, and develop and implement strategies for reaching their collective goals

A

community organizing

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16
Q

Covers a series of activities (at the community level) that is aimed at bringing about desired improvement in the social well-being of individuals, groups and neighborhoods

A

community organizing

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17
Q

It is often used interchangeably with community work, community development and community mobilization

A

community organizing

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18
Q

It is a process by which a community identifies needs and takes action, and in doing so, develops cooperative attitudes and practices.

A

community organizing

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19
Q

It is a tool for community development

A

community profiling

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20
Q

a comprehensive description of a population that defines itself, as a community and the resources that exist within that community, carried out with the active involvement of the community itself, for the purpose of developing an action or other means of improving the quality of life of the community

A

community profiling

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21
Q

a process designed to create conditions of economic and social progress for the whole community with its active participation and fullest possible reliance upon the community’s initiative

A

community development

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22
Q

An organized effort of people to improve the conditions of community life and the capacity of the people for participation, self-direction and integrated efforts in community affairs

A

community development

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23
Q

community development advocates what principles?

A
  • self-help
  • voluntary participation
  • cooperation
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24
Q

what are the 7 key areas of community development?

A
  • health and sanitation
  • education
  • safety preparedness
  • environment
  • recreational
  • entrepreneurship
  • morals of citizenry
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25
Q

Means measures necessary for improving and
protecting health and well-being of the people

A

health and sanitation

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26
Q

any system that promotes proper disposal of human and animal wastes, proper use of toilet and avoiding open space defecation

A

sanitation

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27
Q

Enables everyone to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to achieve their full potential

A

education

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28
Q

Enables the community to provide safety measures in times of adversity as well as in
their full potential

A

safety preparedness

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29
Q

Encompasses air, water, land and other elements and substances that affect mental and physical well being of the people living in it

A

Environment

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30
Q

Activities that promote refreshment of body, mind and spirit

A

recreational

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31
Q

Is the process of discovering new ways of
combining resources with the intention of
gaining profit

A

entrepreneurship

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32
Q

Is the underlying belief of what comprises right and wrong in any society

A

morals of citizenry

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33
Q

how many key area community development?

A

7

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34
Q

how many steps does community organizing and building have?

A

10

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35
Q

refer to the person or groups of person who recognized the problem and are actual members of the community

A

grass-roots

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36
Q

A process that begins with those who are
affected by the problem/concern

A

grass-roots

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37
Q

when grass-roots plan together to address the problem, it is called?

A

bottom up approach

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38
Q

Is when individuals from outside the community will initiate community organization

A

Top-down Organization

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39
Q

can enter the community through a well- respected organization or institution that is already established in the community (church group, successful local group)

A

organizers

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40
Q

A crucial step in community organizing

A

GAINING ENTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY

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41
Q

re termed as such because these individual/s
control both formally and informally the “political climate” of the community

A

Gatekeepers

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42
Q

may be long time residents of the community who know their community, how it functions, and how to accomplish tasks within
their community

A

Gatekeepers

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43
Q

must pass through this “gate” to gain
entry in the community and must learn how to play their “ball game” and must be approached at their own terms

A

organizers

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44
Q

core group of community members who already recognize the problem and is interested in seeing the problem solved

A

EXECUTIVE PARTICIPANTS

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45
Q

will form the backbone of the workforce and will probably end up doing the majority of the work force

A

EXECUTIVE PARTICIPANTS

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46
Q

This person should have leadership skills, good knowledge of the concern of the community and is a person that is lives within the community

A

LEADER/COORDINATOR

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47
Q

their task is to recruit more members through networking process

A

core group

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48
Q

A temporary group that is brought together for dealing with a specific problem

A

TASK FORCE

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49
Q

Formal alliance of organizations that
come together to work for a common goal

A

COALITION GROUP

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50
Q

Process of determining the assets/capacities of the community

A

ASSESSING THE COMMUNITY

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51
Q

Is a process by which data about the issues of concern are collected and analyzed.

A

NEEDS ASSESSMENT

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52
Q

2 Reasons to complete a comprehensive assessment

A

▪ Information is needed to change
▪ Information is needed for empowerment

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53
Q

this is where several problems or issues/concern will be identified by the community members

A

DETERMINING THE PRIORITIES & SETTING GOALS

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54
Q

It involves identifying and collecting the needed resources for the intervention to be implemented

A

IMPLEMENTING THE PLAN

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55
Q

can be available within the community (horizontal relationships) or it can be through assistance from other local units outside the community (vertical relationships)

A

resources

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56
Q

Refers to going back to previous steps

A

looping back

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57
Q

It is designed to change the structure of services or system of care to improve health promotion services: bike lanes, No Smoking
signs

A

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE STRATEGIES

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58
Q

Using health risk appraisals, community
screening for health problems and
immunization clinic

A

HEALTH-RELATED COMMUNITY SERVICES

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59
Q

Modifying behavior to stop smoking, start
exercise, manage stress and regulate diet

A

BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION ACTIVITIES

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60
Q

Any combination of planned learning experiences using evidence-based practices and/or sound theories that provide the opportunity to acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to adopt and maintain health behaviors

A

HEALTH EDUCATION

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61
Q

a part of Health Promotion

A

health education

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62
Q

Its purpose is to provide health information and knowledge to individuals and communities as well as to provide skills to enable them to adopt healthy behaviors voluntarily

A

health education

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63
Q

It may be in the form of lectures, seminars or courses

A

health education

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64
Q

it can also be communicated to people through pamphlets and notes

A

health education

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65
Q

3 Practice Priorities that Promote Health

A

➢ Disease Prevention
➢ Health Promotion
➢ Social Mobilization

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66
Q

Focus is on the continuity of activities essential for preventing diseases, prolonging life and promoting health.

A

prevention

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67
Q

Activities that will prevent a problem or a disease before it occurs

A

Primary Prevention

68
Q

example of primary prevention

A
  • vaccination
  • supplementation
  • health services and hygiene education
69
Q

Also known as health maintenance

A

secondary prevention

70
Q

involves activities aimed at early diagnosis, prompting treatments and disability limitation

A

secondary prevention

71
Q

Consist of organized, direct screening efforts or education of the public to promote early case finding of an individual with disease so that prompt intervention can be instituted to halt pathologic processes and limit disability

A

secondary prevention

72
Q

Involves population-based screening of the disease before it becomes symptomatic (for early detection)

A

secondary prevention

73
Q

can decrease the catastrophic effects that might otherwise result for the individual and family from advanced illness
and its many complications

A

early diagnosis of a health problem

74
Q

Primary focus is rehabilitation to assist clients in reaching their maximum potentials (in the presence of their disability)

A

Tertiary Prevention

75
Q

Treating and minimizing complications of a disease once it has occurred

A

Tertiary Prevention

76
Q

It begins early in the period of recovery to provide appropriate administration of medications to optimize therapeutic effects;

A

Tertiary Prevention

77
Q

Goal is to minimize residual disability and helping the client to learn to live productively with limitations

A

Tertiary Prevention

78
Q

Activities that will prevent a problem before it
occurs

A

primary prevention

79
Q

Activities that will provide early detection and intervention

A

secondary prevention

80
Q

Activities that will correct a disease state and
prevent it from further deteriorating

A

tertiary prevention

81
Q

The key concept and core strategy in health promotion

A

social mobilization

82
Q

The process of convincing a specific group of
people about the necessary action on a specific goal

A

advocacy

83
Q

Linking of related institutions and their resources to achieve common objectives

A

networking

84
Q

Dissemination of information and correction of misconceptions/false beliefs and promotion of health behaviors and values.

A

Information, Education and Communication

85
Q

A continuing process of acquiring knowledge, attitudes and skills to perform the functions they have been assigned to or hired for

A

Capability Building

86
Q

The process of determining the effectiveness of the program and efficient implementation in advocacy and mobilization

A

Monitoring & Evaluation

87
Q

Any process that enables individuals or communities to increase control over the determinants of their health

A

health promotIon

88
Q

Process of empowering people to make healthy lifestyle choices and motivating them to become better self-managers

A

health promotIon

89
Q

Is a social and political action enhancing public awareness of health, fostering healthy lifestyle and creating conditions conducive to health

A

health promotIon

90
Q

Is a process of enabling people to take action to improve their health” (National Center for Health Promotion

A

health promotIon

91
Q

Any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational mechanisms that support actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals, groups, and communities

A

health promotIon

92
Q

What consists the Health Promotion Planning & Evaluation Cycle?

A

➢ Problem definition
➢ Solution generalization
➢ Resource mobilization
➢ Implementation
➢ Impact assessment
➢ Immediate outcome assessment
➢ Outcome assessment

93
Q

is a clear statement of action for health promotion which first came out in 1986 at the first International Conference on Health Promotion.

A

Ottawa charter

94
Q

what is the approach of ottawa charter

A

“Settings-based” approach concept

95
Q

what is ottawa’s line about their target action?

A

“Health for All”

96
Q

what are the 5 STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESS

A

➢ Building healthy public policy
➢ Creating supportive environments
➢ Developing the personal skills of the public and the
practitioners
➢ Reorienting health services
➢ Strengthening community action

97
Q

means conducting health promotion in schools, workplaces, markets, residential areas to address priority health problems

A

Settings-based design

98
Q

what is the target Population for Health Promotion?

A

➢ Healthy Population
➢ Population with Risk Factors
➢ Population with Symptoms
➢ Population with Disease or Disorder

99
Q

what is the target Population for Health Promotion?

A

➢ Healthy Population
➢ Population with Risk Factors
➢ Population with Symptoms
➢ Population with Disease or Disorder

100
Q

what are the Health Promotion Strategy Framework Priority Areas?

A
  • DIET and PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
  • ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
  • VACCINES & IMMUNIZATION
  • SUBSTANCE USE
  • MENTAL HEALTH
  • SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
  • VIOLENCE & INJURY PREVENTION
101
Q

Enabling improved nutrition and increased
physical activity

A

DIET and PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

102
Q

Minimizing environmental and climate impacts on health

A

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

103
Q

Reducing deaths and disabilities from vaccine-
preventable diseases

A

VACCINES & IMMUNIZATION

104
Q

Preventing tobacco, illicit drug use & binge drinking

A

SUBSTANCE USE

105
Q

Increasing psychosocial and mental well-being

A

MENTAL HEALTH

106
Q

Increasing psychosocial and mental well-being

A

MENTAL HEALTH

107
Q

Promoting positive sexual and reproductive
behavior

A

SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

108
Q

Fostering safe and inclusive communities

A

VIOLENCE & INJURY PREVENTION

109
Q

what is the administrative order the DOH released in terms of regulating the TFA content of pre-packaged food?

A

Administrative Order No. 2021- 0039 “The National Policy Framework in the Elimination of Industrially-Produced Trans-Fatty Acid (TFA) for the Prevention and Control of Non- Communicable Diseases”

110
Q

one of only two countries recognized by the WHO with best practice on TFA elimination policy

A

Philippines

111
Q

a cost-benefit evaluation framework

A

Precede-proceed model

112
Q

precede-proceed model was proposed by whom?

A

Lawrence W. Green

113
Q

precede-proceed model was proposed on what year?

A

1974

114
Q

It can help program planners, policy makers and evaluators to analyze situations when designing health programs

A
115
Q

It can help program planners, policy makers and evaluators to analyze situations when designing health programs

A

Precede-proceed model

116
Q

Under this model, health is regarded as being influenced by both individual and environmental factors

A

Precede-proceed model

117
Q

means “educational diagnosis”

A

precede or Predisposing- Reinforcing and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation

118
Q

means “ecological diagnosis” or Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development

A

proceed

119
Q

social diagnosis is done through?

A
  • community forums
  • conducting FGDs
  • surveys
  • interviews
120
Q

Refers to the process of determining (and
focusing) health issue/s of the community

A

epidemiological diagnosis

121
Q

This may include gathering and making use of either or a combination of primary and secondary data.

A

epidemiological diagnosis

122
Q

Analysis of behavioral links to the goals or
problems that were identified

A

behavioral diagnosis

123
Q

It is the parallel analysis of social and physical environmental factors other than specific actions that could be linked to behaviors

A

environmental diagnosis

124
Q

This phase will focus on administrative and organizational concerns that must be addressed prior to implementation of the program

A

administrative and poliy diagnosis

125
Q

includes assessment of resources,
development and budget allocation, looking into organizational barriers, and coordination of the program with other departments, including external organizations and the community.

A

administrative and poliy diagnosis

126
Q

Assess policies, resources, circumstances and prevailing organizational situations that could hinder/impede or help in the development
program.

A

administrative diagnosis

127
Q

Involves assessing the compatibility of the program goals and objectives with those of the organization and its administration

A

policy diagnosis

128
Q

This will evaluate whether program goals will fit into the mission statements, rules and regulations that are needed for the implementation and sustainability of the program.

A

policy diagnosis

129
Q

Implementing the planned Intervention

A

implementation of the program

130
Q

Used to evaluate the process by which the program is being implemented

A

process evaluation

131
Q

It determines whether the program is being implemented according to the protocol

A

process evaluation

132
Q

It determines if objectives are being met

A

process evaluation

133
Q

Helps identify modifications necessary to improve the program

A

process evaluation

134
Q

It determines if objectives are being met

A

process evaluation

135
Q

This measures the effectiveness of the program with regards to the intermediate objectives and the changes in the predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors

A

impact evaluation

136
Q

This phase is often used to evaluate the performance of the educators

A

impact evaluation

137
Q

This phase will measure the change in terms of overall objectives and will also measure the changes in health and social benefits or quality of life

A

outcome evaluation

138
Q

It also determines the effectiveness of the program in the health and quality of life of the community.

A

outcome evaluation

139
Q

It starts with community health needs assessment then selection of objectives to create a healthy community

A

community health impact model

140
Q

will then be developed to address different dimensions of environmental and social factors, health promotion and prevention and clinical care

A

community health initiatives

141
Q

will be evaluated for its impact on individual and community health

A

All initiatives

142
Q

3 approaches to health promotion

A

➢ Health Belief Model (HBM)
➢ Transtheoretical Model (TTM)
➢ Theory of Planned Behavior

143
Q

Developed in the 1950s by social scientists at the US Public Health Service

A

Health Belief Model

144
Q

Its objectives was to understand the failure of people to adopt disease prevention and/or screening tests for early detection of disease

A

Health Belief Model

145
Q

It is a framework to predict whether a person would or would not change an activity or behavior to benefit his/her health

A

Health Belief Model

146
Q

Also called the Stages of Change Model

A

Transtheoretical Model

147
Q

It identifies stages of change that individuals pass through before actualizing a change

A

Transtheoretical Model

148
Q

Patient does not intend to act yet despite
knowing condition

A

PRE-CONTEMPLATION

149
Q

The patient is planning to act with intention

A

CONTEMPLATION

150
Q

The patient establishes a course of action and sets a timed objective

A

PREPARATION

151
Q

The patient takes the courses of action

A

ACTION

152
Q

Patient focuses on not relapsing and
maintaining the plan within the daily routines

A

MAINTENANCE

153
Q

Patient is actively healthy and no longer interested in returning to old behaviors

A

TERMINATION

154
Q

Suggests that behavior is dependent on one’s intention to perform the behavior

A

Theory of Planned Behavior

155
Q

Intention is determined by an individual’s attitudes

A

Theory of Planned Behavior

156
Q

Beliefs about what other people think the
person should do or general social pressure

A

Subjective Norms

157
Q

Defined as an individual’s perceptions of their ability or feelings of self-efficacy to perform behavior

A

Perceived behavioral control

158
Q

Community characteristics affecting its ability to and spirit identify, mobilize and address problems

A

COMMUNITY CAPACITY

159
Q

Social action process to gain mastery over their lives and the lives of their communities

A

empowerment

160
Q

Processes and conditions among people and organizations that lead to their accomplishing a goal of mutual social benefit, usually characterized by interrelated constructs of trust, cooperation, civic engagement, and reciprocity, reinforced by networking

A

social capital

161
Q

Community organizing starts ‘where people are’ is the underlying belief of what comprises right and wrong in any society and engage community members as equal

A

PARTICIPATION AND RELEVANCE

162
Q

what are examples of secondary prevention

A
  • Provision of maternal and child health
  • Public education to promote breast self-examination
  • Use of home kits for detection of occult blood in stool specimens
  • familiarity with the seven cancer danger signals
  • Screening programs for hypertension,
    diabetes, uterine cancer (pap smear)
163
Q

what are the examples of tertiary preventions

A
  • Reducing the risk for a future coronary
    event by eating fish weekly; increase intake
    of antioxidant sources (fruits and
    vegetables; antioxidant supplements)
  • Continuing health supervision during
    rehabilitation to restore an individual to an
    optimal level of functioning
164
Q

methods in secondary prevention

A

visiting doctor for a check-up

165
Q

methods in tertiary prevention

A
  • Medications
  • Chemotherapy
  • Surgery
  • Dialysis

CPH (10 decks)

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