Session 2 - Multicausality of Diseases Flashcards
Define Health
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Define communicable disease.
It is caused by microorganisms and can be spread directly or indirectly from one person to another. Some are transmitted through vectors.
What is causation?
An event, condition, characteristic or a combination of these factors, which plays an important part in the development of disease.
What is a necessary cause?
A factor that must be present for a disease to occur
Explain direct causal associations.
This is where a causal factor leads straight to the outcome and there are no other factors intervening.
What is Dose?
The number of infectious agents needed to cause disease
What is virulence?
the ability to infect
What is pathogenicity?
the ability to cause disease
What is survival?
the ability to survive outside the host
What are causative agents not limited to?
Biological agents
What can causative agents include aside from biological agents?
Chemical agents and Physical agents
List 5 examples of biological agents.
- bacteria
- virus
- parasites
- protozoan
- fungus
List 4 examples of chemical agents.
- pesticides
- food additives
- pharmacologic
- industrial chemicals
List 6 examples of physical agents
- heat
- light
- radiation
- noise
- vibration
- speeding objects
Name the 4 types of host factors
- predisposing factors
- enabling factors
- precipitating factors
- reinforcing factors
What are predisposing factors?
factors that make the body more susceptible to disease
What are modulating factors?
factors that assist in the development of the disease
What are precipitating factors?
factors which are associated with immediate exposure to the disease agent.