Homeostasis and response

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

The regulation of he internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain the optimum conditions for function

Question 2

What is controlled by homeostasis in the human body?

Answer 2

Blood glucose levels, body temperature and water levels

Question 3

What two forms of responses are included in homeostasis?

Answer 3

Nervous responses (electrical signals) or chemical responses (hormones)

Question 4

What is included in all control systems?

Answer 4

Receptor cells, coordination centres and effectors

Question 5

What is the role of a receptor cell?

Answer 5

To detect changes in the enviroment, known as stimuli

Question 6

What are some examples of coordination centres?

Answer 6

The brain, spinal cord and pancreas

Question 7

What is the role of the coordination centre?

Answer 7

They recieve and process information from the receptors

Question 8

What is the role of the effectors?

Answer 8

They bring about responses to restore the optimum levels, often using muscles or glands

Question 9

What does the nervous system allow humans to do?

Answer 9

React to their surroundings and coordinate their behaviour

Question 10

What route is taken by information in the nervous system?

Answer 10

Stimulus > receptor > coordinator > effector > response

Question 11

What is the central nervous system?

Answer 11

The brain and the spinal cord

Question 12

What does the CNS do?

Answer 12

It coordinated the response of effectors which may be muscles contracting or glands secreting hormones

Question 13

What does the sensory neurone do?

Answer 13

Sensory neurons receive information via their receptors, which are part of the peripheral nervous system, and convert this information into electrical impulses

Question 14

What is a synapse?

Answer 14

The junction between two neurones

Question 15

What does a relay neurone do?

Answer 15

They carry nerve impulses within the central nervous system

Question 16

What does a motor neurone do?

Answer 16

They carry nerve impulses away from the central nervous system

Question 17

What are reflex actions?

Answer 17

Automatic and rapid responses to stimuli that do not involve the concious part of the brain

Question 18

What is the endocrine system composed of?

Answer 18

Glands which secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream

Question 19

Where is the pituitary gland found?

Answer 19

In the brain

Question 20

What organ manages the blood glucose levels?

Answer 20

The pancreas

Question 21

What hormone is produced when blood glucose is too high?

Answer 21

Insulin, causing glucose to move from the blood into the cells

Question 22

What hormone is produced when blood glucose is too low?

Answer 22

Glucagon

Question 23

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 23

A disorder where the pancreas fails to produce insulin; it is treated with insulin injections

Question 24

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 24

A state where the body cells no longer respond to insulin produced by the pancreas; treated by a healthier diet and more exercise

Question 25

What is the role of FSH?

Answer 25

To cause maturation of an egg in the ovary

Question 26

What is the role of LH?

Answer 26

To stimulate the release of the egg

Question 27

What does progesterone do?

Answer 27

Help maintain the uterus lining

Question 28

What hormones are given during IVF?

Answer 28

FSH and LH