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Didactic Year > Pharm - Diabetes Meds > Flashcards

Pharm - Diabetes Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Biguanides, aka

A

Metformin

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2
Q

Biguanides MOA

A

Decrease glucose production in liver
Slows absorption of sugars
Increases insulin sensitivity

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3
Q

Biguanides absorption

A

50-60% oral F

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4
Q

Biguanides bound to serum proteins?

A

No

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5
Q

Biguanides metabolized?

A

No

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6
Q

ADR for Biguanides

A

GI: diarrhea, flatulence, N/V

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7
Q

Precautions for Biguanides

A

Do not initiate when eGFR <45 mL/min
eGFR <30 mL/min or risk for acute renal failure

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8
Q

Drug drug interactions for Biguanides

A

IV contrast dye
Vitamin B12

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9
Q

Metformin cardiovascular impact

A

May improve outcomes

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10
Q

When should Metformin be taken?

A

After meals

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11
Q

With Metformin, start ________ and go __________

A

Low, slow

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12
Q

2nd generation sulfonylureas

A

Glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride

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13
Q

Which 2nd generation sulfonylurea is worst for concern of weight gain?

A

Glyburide

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14
Q

Sulfonylureas MOA

A

Increase insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells

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15
Q

Sulfonylureas absorbed orally?

A

yes

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16
Q

Sulfonylureas bound to serum proteins?

A

Yes

17
Q

Sulfonylureas metabolized by?

A

Liver

18
Q

ADR of sulfonylureas

A

Weight gain (less with lipide and glimeperide)
hypoglycemia

19
Q

Precautions for sulfonylureas

A

Renal dysfunction (use glipizide or glimeperide)
Hepatic dysfunction (use glyburide)
Lower starting dose in elderly

20
Q

Drug - Drug interactions with sulfonylureas that will INCREASE blood sugar/reduce efficacy

A

Atypical antipsychotics
Corticosteroids

21
Q

Drug interactions with sulfonylureas that will DECREASE blood sugar/increase efficacy

A

Azole antifungals
Clarithromycin

Didactic Year (24 decks)

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