Periodontal Considerations Flashcards
what is the function of the periodontium
attach teeth to jaws
dissipate occlusal forces
name a constant horizontal force
orthodontic
name an intermittent horizontal force
occlusal
what is excessive occlusal force
force that exceeds the reparative capacity of periodontal attachment apparatus which results in occlusal trauma/tooth wear
what is occlusal trauma
injury resulting in tissue changes within attachment apparatus including PDL, alveolar bone and cementum as a result of occlusal forces
what is tooth mobility dependent on
width of PDL
heigh of PDL
inflammation
number, shape and length of roots
what does tooth mobility indicate
successful adaptation of periodontium to functional demands or reflect nature of remaining attachment
when can tooth mobility not be accepted
when it is progressively increasing
gives rise to symptoms
creates difficulty with restorative treatment
what therapy is given to reduce tooth mobility
control of plaque induced inflammation
correction of occlusal relations
splinting
what is primary occlusal trauma
injury resulting in tissue changes from excessive occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth with normal periodontal support
what is the response of the healthy periodontium to occlusal trauma
PDL width increases
tooth mobility increases
when is the periodontal response considered pathological
when PDL width and tooth mobility fail to reach a stable phase
what are the histological changes in the periodontium as a response to forces
pressure side - increased vascularisation and permeability , necrosis of PDL
tension side - apposition of bone and cementum, elongation of PDL
what is secondary occlusal trauma
injury resulting in tissue changes from normal or excessive occlusal forces applied to a tooth or teeth with reduced periodontal support
in presence of attachment loss, bone loss
what is fremitus
palpable or visible movement of a tooth when subjected to occlusal forces
