Chapter 7- Extending Mendelian Genetics Flashcards
What are Autosomal genes?
Non-sex chromosomes
How many autosomal genes do humans have?
22
What is a carrier?
Someone who does not show disease or symptoms bur can pass the disease-causing allele onto their children
Dominant allele disorders are…
Less common, if you have the allele you will have the condition
Sex-Linked genes
Genes located on the sex chromosome ex. Female calico cats have colorful fur while the males are orange
When are sex linked recessive genes expressed?
What is incomplete dominance?
When a cross in which each parental contribution is genetically unique and gives rise to progeny whose phenotype is intermediate ex. you have that dominant trait but it is not as dominant as it could be ex.
What is co dominance?
A type of inheritance in which two versions (alleles) of the same gene are expressed separately to yield different traits in an individual
What is a pedigree?
Shows relationships between family members and indicates which individuals have certain genetic pathogenic variants, traits, and diseases within a family as well as vital status
What is chromosome mapping?
Allows the testee to determine which segments of DNA came from which ancestor
What is gene cross over?
Parts of the chromosome can be switched. The two chromosomes contain the same genes, but may have different forms of the genes
What are linked genes?
Sit close together on a chromosome, making them likely to be inherited together
How does the environment interact with a genotype?
Generally remains constant from one environment to another, although occasional spontaneous mutations may occur which cause it to change
How are sex linked recessive alleles expressed?
Inheritance in which a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the phenotype to be always expressed in males
