Chapter 6 Flashcards
Decimal Notation
-Base 10 place value number system
-Each single digit can be 0 to 9
-Each column is worth ten times the previous
-12=101+21
Binary Notation
-Base 2 place value number system
-Each single digit can be 0 or 1
-Each column is worth two times the previous
-These values are easy to represent as the on/off states of electronic transistors
Hexadecimal Notation
Base 16 place value number system
-Each single digit can be 0 to 9,A,B,C,E,F
-Each column is worth 16 times the previous
-Used to represent large values more efficiently than binary
Bits and Bytes
-A bit stores the value of a single binary digit (1 or 0)
-A byte stores the value of eight bits
Throughput Units
Transfer rates or “speed”
-Kbps,Mbps,Gbps,Tbps (bits per second)
Processing speed units
-Components work to a clock performing operations on a time cycle
-1 hertz (1hz) is one cycle per second
-Speed and throughput are often different
Integers
Whole numbers
Floating-point numbers
decimal fractions
Boolean values
A special numberic data type indicating that something is either TRUE or FALSE (with a 1 or 0)
Strings
a collection of text characters
ASII (American Standard Code for information interchange)
Limited storage means restricted to basic alphanumeric s and a few symbols
Unicode
Flexible system for representing international alphabets
Access Controls
-Permissions
-Usage restrictions
-Data encryption
-Firewalls
Copyright
-Automatically granted to author
-Applies to whole works not ideas
Trademark
-A company’s name and logo are protected if distinctive
-Companies can apply to register their trademarks
