Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GIR Test 2 > B5-097 Other GI Conditions > Flashcards

B5-097 Other GI Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

inflammation of salivary gland

A

sialandeitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

stones the the duct of salivary gland

A

sialithiasis

commonly caused by dehyration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

most common place for sialothiasis

A

wharton’s duct off submandicular gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

painless mass and swelling in mouth

A

salivary gland tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

if a person presents with facial paralysis or pain the salivary gland tumor is most likely

A

malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

chrondromyxoid stroma and epithelium

A

pleomorphic adenoma or parotid

needs to be excised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • cystic tumor with germinal centers
  • smoking major risk factor
  • can be bilateral and multifocal
A

warthin tumor of parotid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2 types of esophageal perforation

A
  • iatrogenic injury
  • non-iatrogenic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

most important thing in dealing with esophageal perforation

A

timeliness of diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • dysphagia
  • neck/chest pain
  • neck swelling
  • hypersalivation
  • retrosternal fullness
  • hematemesis
  • odynophagia
  • subcutaneous emphysema
A

esophageal perforation symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • effort rupture of the esophagus
  • hx of severe vomiting, retching preceding pain
A

Boerhaave syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

excrutiating retrosternal chest pain due to an intrathoracic esophageal perforation

A

Boerhaave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A

warthin tumor

parotid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

treatment of Boerhaave syndrome

A
  • NPO
  • perenteral nutrition
  • antibiotics
  • PPI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

typically present with a hx of alcohol abuse or bullemia

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

characterized by longitudinal mucosal lacerations in the distal esophagus and proximal stomach

A

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • acute onset GI bleeding with hematemesis
  • epigastric pain
  • pain in back
  • hx of alcoholism or bulimia
A

Mallory Weiss syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

treatment for mallory-weiss syndrome

A
  • NPO
  • parenteral nutrition
  • PPI
  • antiemetics
  • EGD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  • acute hematemesis due to dilated submucosal veins in the lower 1/3 of esophagus
  • complication of portal hypertension
A

esophageal varices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

treatment of esophageal varices

A
  • endoscopic variceal ligation
  • decrease portal hypertension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

diverticula involving all layers of intestinal wall

A

true diverticula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

diverticula involving only mucosa and submucosa

A

false diverticula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

diverticula involving submucosa only

A

intramural diverticula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

false diverticulum through Killian’s triangle near upper esophageal spinchter

A

Zenker’s diverticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  • transient oropharyngeal dysphagia
  • halitosis
  • gurgling in throat
  • appearance of mass in neck
  • regurgitation of food in mouth
  • weight loss, malnutrition
A

Zenker’s diverticulum

26
Q

what is the treatment for this condition?

A

surgical
open vs transoral with EGD

Zenker’s diverticulum

27
Q

60% of population 60+ years have

A

colonic diverticulum

shifting younger due to poor diet

28
Q
  • false diverticulum
  • occur where the rasa vecti artery penetrates muscularis propira causing a break in the integrity of the colonic wall
A

diverticulosis

29
Q
  • chronic inflammation leads to outpouching
  • vasi recti are compressed leading to bleeding
A

diverticulosis

30
Q
  • most common cause of hematochezia in patient 60+
  • painless, blood stools
A

diverticulosis

31
Q

treatment of diverticulosis bleed

A

mostly bowel rest
recurrent/unbstable -> resection

most common cause of elective resections

32
Q
  • fever
  • anorexia
  • LLQ pain
  • obstipation
  • fever/leukocytosis
A

diverticulitis

33
Q
  • thickened colonic wall
  • inflammation with percolic fat
  • sigmoid diverticula
A

diverticulitis

34
Q

if you suspect diverticulits but the patient does not meet CT criteria or have pain/fever/leukocytosis

A

not diverticulits

consider other causes: IBS, ovarian cyst, endomet., appendicitis, PID,

35
Q

major complication of diverticulitis

A

abcess

stage 3/4: perforation with fecal peritonitis

not very common, about 25%

36
Q

treatment diverticulitis

A
  • bowel rest
  • antibiotics
37
Q

colonoscopy should be performed […] after diverticulitis to rule out colon cancer

A

6 weeks

38
Q
  • congenital abnormality of small intestine due to persistence omphalomesenteric duct
  • true diverticulum
A

Meckel’s

39
Q

treatment for this condition?

A

diverticulotomy

Meckel’s

40
Q

Meckel’s rule of 2’s

A
  • 2% of pop.
  • 2% symptomatic
  • found in males under 2
  • 2 ft proximal to ileocecal valve
  • 2 inches long
41
Q

how much of the cardiac output does the splanchnic circulation receive?

A

baseline: 25%
postprandial: 35%

42
Q

what part of the small intestine is most vulverable to decreased mesenteric flow?

A

villi tips

43
Q

[…] of splanchnic inflow goes to the mucosa

%

A

70%

44
Q
  • severe, acute abdominal pain out of proportion to exam findings
  • nausea, emesis, transient diarrhea
A

acute mesenteric ischemia

45
Q

gold standard imaging for mesenteric ischemia

A

mesenteric angiography

46
Q
  • reduced splanchnic bloodflow due to atherosclerosis in 2+ vessels
  • collateral flow prevents infarction
A

chronic mesenteric ischemia

47
Q
  • post-prandial abdominal pain
  • food fear
  • abdominal bruit

on exam, abdomen is soft and painless (except post prandial)

A

chronic mesenteric ischemia

48
Q
  • most common form of mesenteric ischemia
  • common in older men with hx of CAD
  • sudden LLQ pain, hematochezia
  • usually resolves spontaneously
A

colonic ischemia

49
Q

risk factors for colonic ischemia in young women

3

A
  • smoking
  • OCP
  • factor V leiden
50
Q

colonic ischemia typically effects what areas?

A

watershed

51
Q

many of the causes of lower GI symptoms are […] and improve with […]

A

self limited
bowel rest

52
Q

most common salivary gland tumor, nearly always benign

A

pleomorphic adenocarcinoma

53
Q

painful tumors or those with facial nerve abnormalities are often

A

malignant

local and distant spread

54
Q
  • most common malignant salivary tumor
  • arises from glands other than parotid
A

mucoepidermoid

55
Q

a Mallory-Weiss tear is best visualized via

A

EGD

56
Q
  • LLQ pain
  • fever
  • constipation
  • anorexia
A

diverticulitis

57
Q

oral antibiotics for diverticulits

A

ciprofloxacin, metronidazole

58
Q

best choice for visualization of Zenker’s diverticulum

A

barium swallow

59
Q

treatment for Meckel’s

A

diverticulotomy

60
Q
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • diarrhea
  • pain out of proportion to exam
A

acute mesenteric ischemia

61
Q

gold standard for diagnosis and treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia

A

CT angiogram

GIR Test 2 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions