BACTERIA & VIRUS

Question 1

what are compulsory organelle

Answer 1

cell wall, cytoplasm, ribosome, nuclei, cytoplasmic membrane

Question 2

what are optional membrane

Answer 2

capsule, Fimbriae, plasmid, flagella

Question 3

function of flagella

Answer 3

to allow the mobility of bacteria

Question 4

what is the first prokaryotes on earth

Answer 4

archaebacteria

Question 5

Characteristics of Archaebacteria

Answer 5

1. are obligate and facultative anaerobe
   2.cell wall made up of pseudomurein, polymer consists of sugar and amino acid
   3.indifferent towards major antibiotics
   4.reproduction is binary fission
2. do not possess membrane bound organelle

Question 6

roles of eubacteria

Answer 6

decomposition and recycling of nutrients, digestion and disease

Question 7

difference between gram (+) and gram (-)

Answer 7

gram (+) have cell wall that made up of thick layer of peptidoglycan whereas gram (-) have cell wall that made up of thin layer of peptidoglycan and have outer membrane

Question 8

is virus a cell

Answer 8

virus is not a cell but its a particle. a capsule protein containing DNA/RNA

Question 9

does a virus have metabolism

Answer 9

virus have no metabolism on its own, uses host translation apparatus for survival and replication

Question 10

what is a virion size

Answer 10

a complete virus particle

Question 11

which wave should be use to see the virus

Answer 11

using EM

Question 12

what is the role of capsid

Answer 12

protects viral genetic material

Question 13

what does virion consists of

Answer 13

virion consists of 1 or more molecules of dna and rna. has coat of protein which is capsid that protect the viral genetic material

Question 14

what are three types of capsid symmetry

Answer 14

helical, icosahedral, complex

Question 15

describe helical capside

Answer 15

• a hollow tube of protein wall
  -enclose a RNA genome that is wound in spiral and lies within the groove

Question 16

explain about influenza virus

Answer 16

in influenza, the genome is enclose within a thin and flexible helical capside that are folded within an envelope

Question 17

describe icosahedral capside

Answer 17

• shape of it is polyhedron
  -the most efficient way to enclose a space
  -a few gene or only one is needed to self-assemble to form the capsid thus a very gene can specify a large 3D structure.

Question 18

describe complex capside

Answer 18

2 lateral bodies lie between nucleoid and its outer envelope, a membrane and a thick layer covered by an array of tubules or fibers

Question 19

virus contain 4 possible nucleic acid types

Answer 19

1. DNA single stranded
2. DNA double stranded
3. RNA single stranded
4. RNA double stranded