4g

Question 1

Esther

Answer 1

• Contains carbon with hydroxy (OH) bond and oxygen double bond (C=OOH) functional group

Question 2

Esther formation

Answer 2

• Concentrated carboxylic acid + alcohol ⇌ esther + water
• Concentrated acid needed as catalyst

Question 3

Esther characteristics / uses

Answer 3

• volatile compounds with distinctive smells
• used as food flavourings and in perfumes

Question 4

Esther naming

Answer 4

• carboxylic acid (prefix…anoic) + alcohol (prefix…anol) -> esther(alcohol(prefix…yl) + carboxylic acid(prefix…anoate))
• E.g. Ethanoic acid + propanol -> propyl ethanoate