5.1 Electron structure

Question 1

what is a shell?

Answer 1

an energy level which holds electrons

Question 2

what are shells made up of?

Answer 2

sub-shells

Question 3

how many electrons in shell 1?

Answer 3

2

1s holds 2

Question 4

how many electrons in shell 2?

Answer 4

8

2s holds 2
2p holds 6

Question 5

how many electrons in shell 3?

Answer 5

18

3s holds 2
3p holds 6
3d holds 10

Question 6

how many electrons in shell 4?

Answer 6

32

4s holds 2
4p holds 6
4d holds 10
4f holds 14

Question 7

what are sub-shells made out of?

Answer 7

orbitals

Question 8

what is an atomic orbital?

Answer 8

region of electron density around the nucleus which holds up to two electrons

Question 9

what are the type of sub-shell?

Answer 9

s
p
d
f

Question 10

shape of s orbital

Answer 10

spherical

Question 11

shape of p orbital

Answer 11

dumbell

Question 12

the higher the energy of the sub-shell

Answer 12

the further away from the nucleus it is

Question 13

how are electrons held in an orbital

Answer 13

2

Question 14

how are electrons held in an orbital?

Answer 14

electrons are negatively charged so the repel each other when paired up in an orbital

they spin in opposite directions which counteracts the repulsion

Question 15

order of electron structure

Answer 15

shells
sub-shells (s,p,d,f)
orbitals

Question 16

how are orbitals filled?

Answer 16

each orbital in a sub-shell is singly occupied before being paired with another electron