Chapter 16 Flashcards

1
Q

what does heating under reflux ensure?

A

that volatile compounds dont escape the reaction mixture

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2
Q

how is an organic product purified?

A

remove mixed solution

put solution into a separating funnel

invert the funnel and then allow the layers to settle

compare density of organic product to water:
- if more than 1 then it is the lower layer
- if less than 1 then it is the upper layer

tap off the organic layer

dry using CaCl2 agent

redistill at given temp

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3
Q

how are acid impurities removed from the organic layer?

A

add sodium carbonate into separating funnel and shake mixture

allow the CO2 gas produced to be released at regular intervals

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4
Q

examples of drying agents

A

CaCl2
MgSO4
CaSO4

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5
Q

why is a drying agent added?

A

to remove any water left in the organic product

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