Observations Flashcards

1
Q

What is an observation?

A

•Simply observing behaviour without manipulating the Independent variable.
•No attempt to influence behaviour is made.

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2
Q

What three ways can an observation differ?

A

•The setting
•The role of the researcher
•The amount of structure that is imposed

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3
Q

What are the two types of setting for observation?

A

1)Naturalistic
2)Controlled

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4
Q

What is a naturalistic observation?

A

•Carried out in a natural setting
•Focus on peoples naturally occurring behaviour

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5
Q

What is a controlled observation?

A

•Conducted in a library which allows the researcher to have more control over the environment.

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6
Q

What are the four types of rope of the researcher observations?

A

1)Participant
2)Non-participant
3)Covert
4)Overt

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7
Q

What is participant observation?

A

Where the researcher becomes apart of the situation

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8
Q

What is non-participant observation?

A

Where the researchers remains external.

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9
Q

What is Overt observation?

A

Where participants are aware they’re being observed.
O=Open

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10
Q

What are Covert observations?

A

Where participants do not know they are being observed.
C=Closed

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11
Q

What are the two types of structure of observation?

A

1)Structured
2)Unstructured

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12
Q

What is a Unstructured observation?

A

Simply the researcher writing down everything he/she does in field notes

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13
Q

What is a structured observation?

A

•Involves observer using a coding frame of a checklist of behaviour with pre-determined categories.

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14
Q

What types of time observations are there?

A

1)Time sampling
2)Event sampling

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15
Q

What is Time sampling?

A

A time period with intervals is agreed.
Eg. 20min observe, 5 minute break

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16
Q

What is Event sampling?

A

Continuous observations ,uninterrupted for the whole duration.